



»!• 







> V c^' 























• -,0 



» ♦ • 



• t^ I 
























^ 






Jp-^J 



» • • 


















»s» •Ck kw mk //*« ^ lO ^"^ 




Jc^® 




^as® 



?ff^: 



ffirJ 










CLARK HEWETT, Sr. 

35 Years a Nurseryman. 

OUR INSTRUCTOR. 



■■ ■ VARIETIES • • 



-AND- 



Methods of Cultivation 



-OF- 



<^t 



ia 



niri 






^^ 



-FOUND AT- 



Hewetts' Nurseries, 



Hammond, La, 



Clark Ward Hewett, Jr. B. Wade Hewett, 
M. Verne Hewett, 

Proprietors.- 



1899: 

Printed at Gra/'s Printing House, Morgan City, La. 



^ 



<> 



■^ 



^ 




INTRODUCTION. 

We Sincerely Believe that much of the failure 
to grow long lived, fruitful trees, is caused by poor drain- 
age and use of wrong fertilizers. We therefore introduce 
our catalogue by taking space to consider these impor- 
tant subjects. 

There are very few soils in Southern Louisiana, but 
need artificial drainage; drainage not less than three 
feet deep, and the deeper the better. 

Drainage. 

The good effects of proper drainage are many, its first 
effect being to remove the possibilities of stagnant water, 
which if permitted to remain will certainly injure or 
destroy every element of plant food suitable to tree 
growth within its reach; this destructive effect comes 
from the asciduous fermentation, which, under the high 
heat of our climate, soon deveiopes — but arrange to 
promptly remove surplus water from the sub-soil and it 
maintains a porousness into which air with its plant food 
enters and by which chemical action affiliates with food 
substances for plant growth, this porousness also main- 
tains a loosnessof subsoil which readily responds to the 
loosening effect of cultivation, to the loosening effect of 
manures and the developement and maintainance of 
humus. The whole condition finely fitted for heatlthy 
deep root growth and favored by such conditions, strong 
healthy roots do go down and safely underpin the top 
structure. On the other hand, let stagnant water fill the 
subsoil to, within say one foot of the surface, and con- 
ditions standnearly opposite to the good ones above 
named; the machanical condition of subsoil being 
sogy and hard is unresponsive to manures, air or culti- 
vation. Under such conditions a few roots of medium 
size will grow, keeping close to the surface, while a 
mass of fibrous roots will grow and interlace, always 
close to the surface, and often protrudings; deep root; 
shallow root; results inthe surface root feeding on the 
surface soils which usually possessing a larger share 
of nitrogenous food, stimulate to a quick luxuriant 
growth of tops, and masses of roots unhealthy in struc- 
ture and readily beset with fungeous and insect enemies; 
on the other hand, the deep root not only feeds on 
surface substances, but brings up from below the more 
mineral and solid substances not secured by surface 
roots but absolutely necessary in the economy of wood 
structure to establish healthy wood, greater immunity 
from disease longer life and better fruit. 



Planting the Orchard. 

To better illustrate the practical use of drainage, let 
us consider steps to take in planting an orchard. 

We select the highest ground because of better drain- 
age, but so fine grained are most soil in Louisiana that 
vfhen packed by rains they hold water in depressions on 
high land as completely as on low — the ground plowed 
and dragged, lay it off and stake according to number of 
trees to plant per acre — with plow backset to line of 
trees as established-^dig holes fifteen inches across by 
fifteen inches deep, loosen subsoil in bottom of holes — 
fill up holes to within eight inches of the surface with 
good surface soil — if you plant one year trees, cut off all 
side roots to center root (called tap-root) and cut this to 
eight inches length from the collar — cut top to four 
inches length from collar, you have a stub twelve inches 
long — plant so the collar will be a little below the surface 
— use no manure when making holes or planting stubs 
Another system for trimming larger trees — cut off all 
fibrous roots leaving the heavier roots; cut back stem of 
tree to two foot from collar and plant — the roots should 
at all times be kept damp; and well wet when planted. 
Now the drainage — by backsetting to the rows of trees 
gives a drain between the rows; these drains lead to 
drains at either end of rows of trees; these end drains 
again to deeper drains dug on either side of the orchard; 
these main drains should lead to low lands, drains or 
creeks. This plan of drainage is for a comparitively level 
place — for rolling or side hill lands the styles would vary 
according to need. In first locar,ing the orchard plat take 
every advantage possible to secure the best drainage — 
every writer on fruit growing emphaszies the necessity of 
perfect drainage, and we hope what we have here said 
will increase interest in this very important subject. 

Fertilizers to Use. 

In expressing our our views on this subject we realize 
we run counter to prevailing opinions, we also realise 
that opinions are often errors — writers on fertilizers 
state that complete manures contains nitrogen, phos- 
phoric acid and potash, — nitrogenous fertilizers like 
nitrate of soda, cotton seed meal, fish scraps etc., are 
highly stimulating plant food, while potash and phos- 
phoric fertilizers, like cotton hull ashes, wood ashes, 
lime, kanit, etc., produce the mineral and more solid 
substances in plant growth. Among nurserymen and 
orchardests it is an admitted fact that fruit trees highly 
stimulated to rank growth by use of nitrogenous man- 
ures and high cultivation are not so healthy as trees 
grown by good cultivation and by using manures strong 
in potash. It is also maintained among experianced fruit 
growers that fruit of the best quality cannot be had 
withoutliberal use of mineral manures. We must there- 



fore conclude to grow fruit trees and small fruits with the 
best success, nitrogenous fertilizers should be used spar- 
ingly and potash and phophoric liberally — we would 
therefore object to sowing cow peas, clovers or any nitro- 
genous producing plant on lands growing fruit trees or 
small fruit, for the reason that the soil itself together 
with cultivation will furnish an abundance of nitrogen 
needed for healthy growth of these plants — we would 
use barn-yard and other composted manures (much 
cheaper and better than any so-called "commercial fer- 
tilizers") never using nitrogen in any form in making 
the compast, but lime, ashes, salt, kanite, etc. 

The most ordinary barn-yard manure contains about 
1 part of nitrogen to 1 part potash and i part phos- 
sphoric acid, hence we see, if we use our best cau- 
tion to eliminate nitrogenous manures, we yet have 
a good supply in any composted manures we can 
make, besides the nitrogen present in the soil and 
placed there by cultivation. As evidence in line with 
our conclusion we quote from some of the best authori- 
ties known on the subject of fruit growing: — Prof. L.H. 
Bailey, Experimental Station, ]S"ew York, "Potash is the 
chief fertilizer to apply to fruit trees, particularly after 
th9y cjmes into bearing, phosphoric acid in the second 
important fertilizer; nitrogen promotes growth and 
should be used with caution; trees should be grown for 
fruit rather than for timber. "—G. G. Atwood, Extensive 
I^urseryman and Fruit Grower, New York, ''We have 
never seen good results after use of ordinary commercial, 
fertilizers, we like barn-yard manures; wood ashes and 
lime never fails us. "—State Experimental Station, South 
Pines, IS'orth Carolina, published the following formula: 
To make a fertilizer for fertilizing fruit trees and 
vines, 10 pr. ct. potash; 5 pr. ct. phosphoric acid; 2i pr. 
ct. nitrogen (note the small pr. ct. nitrogen and large 
pr.ct. potash). A long list of evidence on this line could 
b3 given, all reaching the conclusion that the best fer- 
tilizers for fruit trees, vines or strawberries, is a fer- 
tilizer RICH IlSr ALL THE ELEMEISTTS OF PLANT FOOD 

EXCEPT STIMULATING NITROGEN. For not ouly docs ui- 
trodgen produce a spungy wood, but in all its uses it is 
the harbor of fungus and insect enemies (while potash 
and phosphates largely repel such pests). Cow peas are 
sown in an orchard to produce nitrogen food for the 
trees, we think it is in evidence that nitrogen is furn- 
ished in abundance without this supply, but how about 
insect conditions attending this supply; it is known that 
the nitrogen stored among roots of cow peas is the pro- 
duct and home of numerous self-producing microscopic 
insects and as the nitrogen and insects have immedi- 
ate contact with the minutest roots of the fruit tree 
the conditions may reasonably be supposed to be one 
source of fungus and insect life destructive to our fruit 
tr-ee. The sudden and appearantly unaccountable death 
of our plum, peach and other trees, root and branch, 



indicate such a cause (analogous to destruction of fruit 
plants by phylloxera, etc). For like reasons we believe 
bone meal objectional as a fertilizer for fruit trees and 
strawberry plants, while it is strong in phorphoric acid 
it has a good. per cent of nitrogen derived from a gela- 
tinous substance in rawbone, which substance is the 
ready source of fungus and insects. 

Before closing this chapter on fertilizers we wish to 
emphase the great value of wood ashes as fruit plant 
fertilizers. Wood ashes contain every ingrediant needed 
by plants except nitrogen, carbonic acid and water. 
Carbonic acid is liberally supplied from the air so it 
maybe said, wood ashes supply all food needed 

FOK PLANTS, EXCEPT NITROGEN, IT IS; OF GREAT VALUE. 

We close the chapter on Drainage and Fertilizers; two 
subjects of great importance: all our views may not be 
correct.— Eead and Judge. 

Cultivation, Trimming, Fertilizing, Etc. 

Considered In a General \^ay. 



Cultivation should begin as early in March as ground 
will permit, observing not to cultivate when ground is 
sticky, if ground is somewhat wet culti vate during latter 
part of the evening, not in the morning; the Planet Jr., 
Cultivator with its combinations is a fine orchard tool, 
but the hoe must do the work close to the trees,— use 
short whiffleters and wind end next the tree with cloth; 
place no mulch of any kind about the trees, proper cul- 
tivation will do more to retain moisture than mulch. 

Cultivation will cause roots to go deeper, fertilize the 
soil, and hinder insects; mulch will encourage surface 
root (all wrong) and invite insects. Cultivate promptly 
after showers; it is of special benefit; the more intense a 
drouth the more the hoe and cultivator should move; if 
earthis stirred to dry dust about the trees all the better. 
Stop cultivation about September 1st., especially in 
Satsuma orange and Fig Orchards. 

Bearing Orchards. 

Cultivation should not begin much before buds break 
and blooms appear. Early cultivation would cause early 
blooms and more risks from frosts; active cultivation 
of thrifty growing trees may cause them to drop their 
fruit; trees not thrifty, can stand intense cultivation 
and improve its fruit; cultivation should be most active 
up to the time the fruit matures and should cease by 
September 1st. Remember you cultivate to help your 
trees grow ahd make fruit, not to kill weeds, hence 
thorough and frequent cultivation. 



Trimming Fruit Trees 

has two principal objects— to give form and aid in 
producing fruit. Form is largely a matter of personal 
taste, with us the tree with 1 to li feet trunk with a 
low broad but open upright top, is the ideal tree. Some 
prefer a high top for better convenience in cultivation, 
but the man at all skilled in use of tools easily manages 
the low top. The low topped tree is less racked by winds, 
fruit easier picked, trunk better protected from various 
causes of injury and trimming easier done. We like low 
tops. Trees vary in style of growth, some can easily be 
formed others not; two to three years is required to 
establish the orchard with well formed trees. Make up 
your mind to the form of tree you wish and trim accord- 
ing. The first year this will require special attention 
during the growing season, the main or heavy trimming 
should be done in December when growth is suspended, 
but knife should be in hand any time of year to lop off 
suckers and unsightly shrubs. Orchard established in 
size and form the part that trimming has to do in pro- 
ducing fruit is in order to consider. 

An orchard may be made to grow wood instead of 
fruit; cultivation, fertilizing and trimming each have 
bearing as to which shall be produced. An orchard 
handled to make a steady reasonable growth by which 
is secured well matured wood with well developed fruit 
buds, is the mark to aim at. Orchardists have found 
that excessive trimming is not the thing for fruit; the 
best results come from leaving spurs and small limbs 
throughout the tops, cutting out when limbs crops or 
grow awkward or a little more sun is needed. For fruit, 
a weakly tree (which means weak roots) is helped by 
reasonable trimming; a vigorous growing tree if trimmed 
would likely increase wood growth at the expense of 
fruit; if too vigorous, diminish fertilizer and do not trim. 
Each kind of fruit tree will need specical trimming 
which will be noticed when considering each variety. 

Fertilizers. 

As before intimated, we believe nitrogenous manures 
should be kept out from all manures used among fruit 
tree, as far as it is possible to do so; that then there 
will, unavoidedly, be furnished all such fertilizer needed 
for healthy plants and good fruitage. On the other 
hand manures especially strong in potash accompanied 
by phosphoric acid, should be used. The best, most 
lasting and cheapest manures for fruit purposes, where 
manure has to be broad casted to enrich the soil, are 
composts made from barn-yard manure, leaves, mulch, 
etc., composted with ashes, lime, salt, kanit, etc. Wood 
ashes, kanit, lime, any potash or phosphoric substances 
in suitable form, are fine top dressing about fruit trees, 
but no barn-yarn manure, cotton seed meal, nitrate 



of soda, or any specially nitrogenous manures sliould be 
used and because of the fungous conditions likely to 
accompany bone-meal, we would not use it. We must 
remember that proper drainage and cultivation go a 
good way toward fertilizing and therefore, in applying 
fertilizers the apparant thrift of the tree must deter- 
mine the amount of fertilizer to apply. Again we must 
remember it is not the purpose to push a luxuriant 
rapid growth, but a steady healthy growth, in other 
words, we direct the growth of fruit trees for fruit, 
not for timber. 

Injurious Insects, Etc., and Remedies. 

This subject is too extensive to be treated in this little 
catalogue and we refer you to the Bulletins issued from 
State Experimental Station, which can be had by asking 
and which covers the questions on these subjects. Ad- 
dress, H. A. Morgan, Baton Rouge, State Entomologist, 
or the Agricultural Department, Washington, D. C. 

A healthy tree is not near as like to be attack from 
insects, etc., as a sickly one; hence the profit in proper 
drainage, proper fertilizers and proper cultivation. 

All kinds of potash manures and most kinds of phos- 
phoric manures promote a healthy growth in fruit trees 
and to quite an extent are destructive of fungous and 
insects. (The opposite of nitrogenous fertilizers which 
promote a spongy growth and invite fungous and 
insects.) The fruit borer, which does so such vast dam- 
age to fruit trees, can be much hindered in its work 
and often driven from the field by liberal use of wood 
ashes about the collar of the trees. A healthful fertil- 
izer and insecticide is secured by using 2 quarts ashes, 1 
quart lime, 1 pint salt. 

In December remove earth from collar of trees, apply 
ashes well upon collar first and follow with lime and salt 
and cover lightly with soil. White wash is another in- 
vigorator and insecticide. 

To a pail of white wash add i pound blue-stone and 
one spoonful Paris green. Sometime before the leaves 
come, scrape dead bark from your trees and apply this 
wash thoroughly to trunk and main limbs of the tree. 
The so-called "Bordeaux Mixture" is healthful to vari- 
ous kinds of plants and destructive of insects. It is 
used in form of liquid and applied by spray pumps. The 
mixture consists of: 4 pounds of blue-stone, 6 pounds of 
slacked lime and 50 gallons of water. Desolve the blue- 
stone by placing it in a bag in 4 gallons of water; slack 
the lime In 4 gallons of water, strain and mix and add 
50 gallons of water. 

It should be kept in a tight vessel when not it use. 
This mixture is more for fungous deseases, but if we 
wish to make it destructive of insects add i pound of 
Paris green to the 50 gallons. 

Spray pumps of different styles are kept by seedsman, 
the knapsack style is very convenient. "Kerosene 



Emulsion" stands at the head as an insect destroyer, but 
somewhat difficult to make. As before intimated more 
than half the battle against insects and fungous deseases 
is won when fruit trees are grown with healthy root, 
healthy stems and healthy tops. To show causes of 
failure in growing fruit trees we have encroached on the 
room in our little catalogue and tried, as we see it, to 
show "the better way." Read and judge for yourself. 

Business Card. 

From mxuch experience as nurserymen we believe we 
know how to grow healthy nursery stock. How stock 
should be dug, how packed and shipped. How to con- 
duct a business just to our customers and just to our- 
selves. We warrant to deliver well graded goods in 
perfect health, but cannot warrant against failures that 
may come from the want of knowledge on the part of 
of those who plant. We can make mistakes, but wiil 
most gladly and quickly make the best amends possible 
upon proper information, and most urgently request any 
person who thinks he has charges against us to at once 
inform us and thereby not permit any misunderstanding 
to grow. We want to sell you goods for our life, pleasure 
and business is to grow and sell fruit tree and believe 
every family healthier, more intelligent and happier by 
their orchard, their "vine and fig tree;" and if you buy 
of us we wish you to carefully consult this catalogue; 
get all the good you can from it and then write us on 
any matter not clear to you and let us help j^ou if we 
can. If you have tried and failed dont be discouraged. 
Experience must be our teacher; be interested. Plant 
fruit trees and care for them with all the good sense 
used in growing cotton or corn; you can succeed for 
sure it is, fruit raising is rapidly increasing in the 
South. 

Start at least with a home orchard, it will teach you 
how to handle a commercial orchard. With best wishes 
for all planters and lovers of fruits and flowers, we sub- 
mit our little catalogue believing you will find herein an 
assortment of plants to please you. See our agents; 
visit our nursery, write us. Yours truly, 

Hewett Bros., 
Hammond, La. 



Peach Trees. 

We believe you buy, plant and grow fruit trees for 
fruit and not for timber, so we again spealc for good 
drainage, good cultivation, etc., with wood ashes, lime, 
kanit, salt, etc., for top dressing about your trees. No 
bone-meal, cotton seed meal, no barn-yard manure, 
nitrate of soda or other nitrogenous fertilizer. Remem- 
ber this system of growing fruit trees applies to all 
kinds and we will not repeat. 

Seedling Trees Better Than Grafted. 

Why? They live longer. This covers the claim in 
favor of seedling. But consider ! Do you remember the 
wretched condition in which grafted trees have come to 
you? We remember of seeing a car load of fruit trees 
brought to our neighbors, handled in the car without a 
scrap of protection to the roots. They were from 8 to 10 
days en route, it took several days to dig and pack at the 
nursery and several more to deliver to customers. Can 
anyone knowing how quick roots are injured by exposure 
to air and sun doubt the worthless condition of these 
trees, yet they were nearly all taken and paid for by the 
buyers. "Disatisf action" will not express the sentiment 
which followed the planting of these trees. Some armed 
themselves with two dogs and a gun for reception of the 
next fruit agent. The seedling tree never has such 
experience as the above. It usually grows v^here the 
seed is planted, if treated as this car load lot it would 
come out no better. Budded trees properly handled should 
do equally as well with seedlings to say the least. All 
budded trees had a seedling parent selected probably from 
a lot of seedlings because of its superior thrift and fruit. 
Take fifty Elberta peach trees, handle them right and 
plant beside fifty seedling trees and we venture the 
assertion that the Elberta orchard will outlive the seed- 
ling orchard. We think so because we know that a good 
share of the seedlings will prove weakly and of short 
life, while we know the Elberta has a record for health 
and long life and as to fruit, we would venture to place 
the profits of five Elberta trees against the profits of the 
fifty seedling. 

Thousands of seedling peach trees might be raised 
before you secured one equal to the Elberta; this idea 
that seedlings produce the best orchards has been claimed 
by some all along in the progress of fruit culture; but 
today in the great orchard sections of our country a man 
who would plant a seedling orchard would be pitied 
sure. Seedling trees seldom produce superior fruit and 
the trees are often of inferior habit and short lived. It 
is claimed the so-called "Indian Peach" is true to its 
kind. An assortment of good gradepeaches of this habit 
would be all right, such seed would start an orchard at 
small expense. But as it is, and like to be, the budded 
peach tree, thrifty in growth and lucious in fruit are 



9 

surely the trees to plant. During the first two years 
you can trim the trees to the form desired, after that 
little trimming is needed. Some headingof limbs grow- 
ing beyond the form you wish, removal of limbs that 
cross or are too thick, but plenty of spurs and small 
limbs should be encouraged, bearing in mind that in all 
the operations in managing your orchard you must 
aim to secure a certain health and groM^th of wood the 
most favorable to produce fruit. A growth neither tpo 
rank or too weak. Our list is not extensive, but every 
one is line and gives a nice succession of fruit from 
earliest to latest and also takes in the best for commer- 
cial orchards. 

Sneed. Fruit good size, colorcreamy white, with rich 
blush on sun side. Kipens evenly to pit;, flesh white, 
very juicy and sweet; valuable because of earliness and 
line sliipping qualities, succeeds from Texas to Florida, 
earliest good freestone peach. 

Triumph. A surprise to peach growers. The earliest 
yellow freestone known (June 1st.) an abundant 
bearer, blooms late hence a sure bearer; fruit large and 
very small pit; quality the best; good keeper and shipper. 

Greensboro. Another surprise. Larger and earlier than 
Alexander; flesh white, juicy, extra good shipper, perfect 
freestone, color crimson shaded yellow. 

Alexander. The old standard early peach, large, high 
colored, flesh greenish white; juicy, clingstone, good. 
June 1st. 

Mamie Ross. The rival of Elberta, nearly as large; a 
great and sure bearer, color white with red cheek: quality 
best. A grand table and market fruit, freestone. 

Mountain Rose. Large, one of the best and most reliable 
of early peaches; white suffused with carmine; flesli 
white, melting, rich, a vigorous and productive tree, 
freestone. 

Elberta. Very large, yellow with red cheek, flesh yellow, 
juicy, high flavored, does well every where. Probably 
more Elberta trees plant for last few years than all others; 
excellent home peach and leads all others in the market, 
freestone. 

Crosby. IS'ot surpassed in quality, juicy, sugary, deli- 
cious; none better, color deep yellow flushed with red. 
A very late bloomer and sure bearer; strictly a home 
fruit, freestone. 

Crawfords Late. A standard sort which holds its own 
with the best. Large, skin yellow with red cheek, flesh 
yellow and fine quality, freestone. 

Stump the World. Very large. Another standard sort, 
skin creamy white with red cheek, flesh white, juicy, 
excellent. Fine for home and market, freestone. 



10 

Old IWixon. Yet another standard sort. Fruit large, 
white with red cheek, quality excellent, very productive, 
very proliiic and sure; line shipper. 

Wonderful. Very large late peach. Color devep yellow 
with carmine cheek, flesh yellow, firm and fine quality. 
A good keeper and shipper. 

Matthews Beauty. A Georgia seedling tree as hardy and 
thrifty as Elberta, larger in size and better in quality. 
Equally as good shipper. Color yellow streaked with 
red; flesh firm, rich, excellent. Freestone. {Season First 
of August. Probably the most valuable peach yet pro- 
duced. 

Plums. 

The Japan sorts are a grand gift from the Japanese and 
an especial favor to the South. At Hammond good and 
poor results have accompanied its planting, according to 
management. With wet feet, poor cultivation, etc., 
"poor luck;" of course; while with fair attention $1.50 
to $4.00 per bushel has been realized at Chicago and New 
Orleans. Their large size, great beauty, fine taste and 
great shipping quality make them the commercial 
plum; so far Japan plums from here when fairly handled, 
have captured first prices at Chicago; and when planters 
realize that but small sections of the United States can 
produce good plums, that our crop will be the first to 
place in market, transportation shorter than our Cal- 
ifornia or Florida competitors, the planting and proper 
management will begin. European sorts of plums are 
of no good here; the Japan and some native sorts are 
successful. The plum and peach are troubled with cur- 
culio and rot of the fruit. Will consider these subjects 
later on. Wethinktheplanof low, broad, open, upright 
heads are just suited to Japan plum trees. They are 
strong growers and need shortening in and thinning of 
tops every year. Thin to remove any dead or unhealthy 
twigs; they are young and great bearers and the impor- 
tance of thinning the fruit (often to over half the set) 
must be understood and acted upon; not only for health 
of trees and better fruit, but as a preventative to the 
rot. There is quite a list of Japan and native plums; 
we give the best approved sorts including early and late 
and best for shipping; they are described about in order 
of ripening. 

Red June. Unequaled among Japan plums for market, 
ripens ten days or more before Abundance, color purple- 
red with blue bloom; a beauty; flesh yellow, solid, sub- 
acid, juicy, rich flavor, very seldom rots. 

Abundance. Among a large list of plums of early intro- 
duction the Abundance is ahead for quality and a pro- 
fitable shipper, round with pointed apex, skin yellow 
grained purple and a darker cheek; flesh yellow, juicy, 
with apricot flavor, quite firm meat, quality best. June 
10th to 20th. 



11 

Burbank. Fruit large, tree strong growing and spread- 
ing, color dark-red; flesh yellow, juicy, rich; a good com- 
panion to Abundance, little later. 

Bailey. Fruit large nearly round, color rich orange 
overspread with cherry-red, showing minute orange 
dots. Flesh yellow, thick and melting excellent quality 
tree much resembles Burbank, but more up-right and 
better formed. All around better than Burbank. Ripens 
a little late. 

Chabol. Fine shipper, fruit large, conical, color pink-red 
with many fine gold dots, flesh yellow, solid, quality 
good; ripens with Bailey. 

Satsuma. Fruit averaging large, nearly round, conical 
with deep suture, color dark dull red dotted all over 
with greenish dots, firm red meat, juicy, quality good, 
keeps a long time and Is gaining credit as a market 
plum; when canned the fruit has a peculiar and very 
agreeable taste. 

Wickson. A remarkably handsome and very large, plum, 
deep maroon red, pointed, flesh firm deep amber yellow, 
juicy and highly flavored; quality best, a long keeper and 
retains its beauty and quality for days upon the market. 
Ripens 1st. of August. 

Kslsey. A remarkable large, late fine plum; inclined to 
bloom early yet seldom fails to produce some fruit; this 
year it rather leads in quality; heart shaped and pointed, 
color greenish yellow, over-spread with blue blooms, 
flesh very solid, yellow, rich, juicy, of excellent flavor. 
Season middle to last of August. 

Hale. The best late plum yet introduced large size, 
usually lop-sided, deep cherry red with yellow, 'juicy, 
with a very delicious sprightly peachy flavor. One party 
in Georgia has planted 10,000 trees and continues to 
plant. Last of August. 

We are testing new plums of promising merit. 

Native Plums 

do best if planted in groups of two to three kinds, they 
naturally assume a low broad head inclining to too dense 
a top; a thinning of the top especially the centre will 
i mprove fruit. 

Wlilton. Large red production; 10 days earlier than 
Wild Goose and a better plum in quality and for ship- 
ping, quality good, valued for its beauty and earliness. 

Wild Goose. Fruit good size, bright red. Juicy, sweet, 
tree a vigorous grower, profitable, early shipper. June 
the 15th. 

Mariana. Good size round red plum, reliable when 
planted with Milton. Root of Mariana is the stock 
mostly used by nurserymen on which to bud other plums. 



12 

Remember. Whoever recommends nitrogen and am- 
monia! fertilizer as a principal fertilizers in malting 
fruit orchards certainly disregards the best interest of 
the tree and best interest of the plants. 

Pears. 

We confine our list largely to the so-called "Sand 
Pear." Varieties which have proven specially adapted 
to the South. A few years ago great hopes were placsd 
in proiits from growing pears but the blight which killed 
the trees, wrecked their hopes. The blight is not a 
new enemy in pear culture, probably not a section in 
the United States where pears are grown, but have suf- 
fered by it. The cause of blight is an open question; 
the general accepted theory is that it is caused by a 
microbe (a minute insect seen early by use of a micro- 
scope) which appears to always accf)mpany the desease; 
with us we lay the cause to unheathy conditions of the 
tree. The microbe acting by permit of such conditions 
and is not the first cause. It seems all life, animal and 
vegetable, is subject to di struct! ve attacks from existing 
enemies whenever condition make an attack possible; in 
case of blight a physical degeneracy from some cause 
has 'been produced inviting increase and destructive 
activity of the microbe. We infer that the microbe is 
an accompanying principal in the life of the tree, lieip- 
ful to growth in health and only destructive when un- 
healthy conditions are brought upon the tree. Some- 
times you see a healthy tree amid blighted comrades; 
we observe that soft growth of limbs, spurs and blooms 
Invited the microbe in each case, yet some force behind 
this invitation repelled the microbe from the healthy 
tree; it was the force from healthy conditions which 
only permit the microbe to act in conformity with health 
conditions. Blight is contageous; this might suggest 
that the habitude of the microbe is normaly exterior to 
the tree, but after destroying the tree and increasing 
its broods by millions it instinctively leaves the dead 
wood for fresh fields to work and by its own powers or 
by wind and insects it reaches other trees. Frost is a 
leading cause acting upon the pear tree to bring condi- 
tions for blight, if the wood is well matured it will take 
unusual hard freezing to do injury, but if immature the 
injury will be relative to immaturity and degree of frost 
the final degree of injury sustained by the tree marks 
the degree of blight which may follow. 

Observe there was very little blight among our pear 
trees prior to 1895, according to bulletin issued by Dr. 
Wm. C. Stubbs, Director of St ate Experimental Stations; 
for year 1894, no mention is made of blight of pear trees 
at either the three Experimental Stations; but bulletin 
for year 1895 (year of the great freeze) says "no signs of 
blight at Audubon Park;" for Baton Rouge ''blight 
appeared during the year at this orchard;" for Calhoun 
"blight is very destructive;" now the maturity of the 



13 

wood at these three stations, at time of the freeze, was 
practically the same so the different degrees of blight 
reported by the bulletin corresponds and was caused by 
the different degrees of cold at the different stations, 
Calhoun being subject to greatest cold and greatest 
blight; Audubon Park the least cold and least blight; 
Pear trees grown from cuttings or buds since 1895 
showed blight to some extent in 1896, probably because 
buds or cuttings were taken from trees with blight; 
This season no blight appears among young pear trees 
and A^ery little among old trees, although'many of these 
old trees were nearly annihilated by blight during two 
years following 1895. 

We believe perfectly healthy trees means perfect 
blight proof trees: but perfect health in the anamal or 
vegetable kingdom is hardly supposable. The nearer 
we approach perfect drainage, perfect fertilizing, per- 
fect cultivation etc., the nearer we approach to perfect 
health in trees and to perfect freedom from blight, 
but if blight has captured the tree much can be done 
to arrest it by careful attention to drainage, use of 
mineral fertilizers, strong whitewash etc., Whatever 
tends to moderate well matured g;rowth is au antidote 
for blight; the removal and burning of dead and dis- 
eased parts is all right as far as it goes, but this does 
not reach the disease pervading the whole body of the 
tree, hence a constitutional treatment is, it seems to us, 
as important at least as removal of the diseased parts. 

Whatever truth or otherwise these views may con- 
tain, they are our convictions and we take space to 
express them for the reason that this blight question 
should be discussed and true causes and remedies 
reached. The special advantages this section of country 
has over other sections of the U, S. for producing 
fruit for early markets emphasizes the need of better 
knowledge, that planters may have confidence and not 
think they waste time and money in planting pears. 
From experiment and observation we believe the blight 
can be readily controlled and the comforts to homes 
and profits in shipping possidle to Pear culture be fully 
realized. 

Trimming the Pear Tree. 

Most pear trees have a strong upward growth espec- 
ially the sand pear; if permitted to have their own 
way they will have such long slendor limbs that when 
loaded with fruit they are sure to break down badly, 
seriously injuring the tree and wasting fruit, therefore 
the low open head gives the form; begin first season 
and cut out all large central limbs, next and next year 
do the same; you then have a tree safe from breaking. 
Convenient every way. As stated we confine our list 
largely to the sand pear family, however, we start the 
list with: 



14 

Koonce. Not fully tested on the Gulf Coast but where 
grown has made a record for best early pears. It 
combines earliness, freedom from blight and rot; verv 
productive, large size, handsome and leads the market 
whenever offered; tree strong, upright, like Keiffer, 
fruit yellow with carmine cheek, all told well worth a 
trial. 

Le Conte. Well known and very fine when properly 
handled; it should be picked when near ripening; plac- 
ed in a cool dark room a number of days when it be- 
comes fine indeed; the leading southern markets pear, 
perfectly adapted to Gulf Coast sections. 

Garber. Ripens close after Le Conte and should be 
treated like it. A rival of Le Conte and Kiefler when 
better known. Tree is a very vigorous grower, a 
young and abundant bearer, fruit large, roundish, 
showy. Tree blooms late. 

Kieffer. Has been a companion of Le Conte and in 
some sections more extensively planted. A very young 
and regular bearer, should be house ripened and will 
keep until December; very evtensively planted espec- 
ially in the north for markets. 

Seckel. Small but exquisite flavor. The standard of 
quality among pears. We have found it doing well in 
Southern Louisiana. Tree a short robust but slow 
grower. These qualities help its success with us when 
most fruit trees grow too fast. 

Golden Russet. The hardiest of all pear trees for the 
South, fruit only payable for hand eating but it is an 
excellent pear for canning. Fruit golden russet, ap- 
ple shape. The tree is one of the handsomest of all 
pear trees; large luxurient foliage which stands heat 
and drouth without injury; it bears fruit very young 
and every year; the tree is very ornamental, and of 
the sand pear family. 

Duchesse de. Angouleme. Is doing well in the south, one 
of the largest and one of the best pears; fruit often 
weighs a pound, greenish yellow and russet. Flesh 
melting, buttery, delicious, will keep until January 
if house ripened. 

There are other good kinds of pears but we consider 
the above kinds specially deserving. Pears we can 
grow and till the bill for home use and for market. 

Oranges. 

We are pleased to talk about oranges not that we 
have anything to say to materially aid the Gulf Coast 
orange people who have the orange industry establish- 
ed, but to bring before the planters occupying a range 
of country 50 to 75 miles wide paralleling the present 
orange district. The fact that they too can grow or- 
anges, delicious as any grown in Florida or California. 



15 

This ispossiblebecauseof the late introduction into this 
country from Japan of tlie Satsuma orange. The clioice 
orange grown by that briglit horticultural people. 
So many are fine qualities of this orange that it is being 
extensively planted in old orange sections and fast as 
known readily planted in a wide strip of country bor- 
dering the old orange belt. This signiflies a power to 
resist bad effects from frosts not possessed by other 
oranges; a frost of 18 to 22 degrees destroys Florida 
and California orange trees; the Satsuma will be un- 
injured by a cold of 10 to 12 degrees and we are con- 
fident that a healthy, well matured tree will stand 8 
degrees cold without injury. The Satsuma orange tree 
is of itself the hardiest known but propagated on what 
is called the Citrus Trifoliata, its hardiness is still 
increased. The trifoliata is a hardy lemon from the 
mountains of Japan and is not hurt by zero cold; it 
too is somewhat dwarfish in its growth, drops its leaves 
early in the fall and is slow to put ont leaves in the 
spring. The Satsuma budded on this stock partakes 
of those Qualities which further adds to its frost re- 
sisting powers. Bulletin No. 36, year 1895, of the 
Louisiana State Experimental Station, Dr. Wm. C. 
Stubbs Director, refering to the bad freeze of that win- 
ter ( claimed to be the coldest of any year preceeding 
for 150 years ) and its effect on the Experimental 
orange grove at Audubon Park; 'mo variety of orange 
tree or kind of stock except Satsuma and Kumquat 
orange on Trifoliata stock and one single bud of Tan- 
gerine olso on Trifoliata stock survived." 

This was all that was left as a remnant of one of 
the prettiest and healthiest groves in the State; at 
Baton Eouge all orange trees were killed except Sat- 
suma and Kumquat on Trifoliata stock; at Ham- 
mond, winter of 94 and 95 over 2000 Satsuma trees 
were imported and planted; at least 30 per cent, sur- 
viving the freeze; this importation was yearling trees 
many of them quite immature; shipped from Florida, 
poorly packed; yet 30 per cent lived. Quite a number 
were on sweet stock which added to loss; an orchard 
of 60 trees 5 years old at Hammond bore over 75 bushel, 
fall of 1&91; February freeze of 1£95 killed one half this 
plant largely, as we believe, because of immature con- 
dition of the trees caused by high cultivation and fer- 
tilizing late in the fall; the sum of evidence at Ham- 
mond is conclusive that the Satsuma on Trifoliata is a 
success here provided the trees aie well grown with 
well matured wood to meet the frost. 

Northern Limit. 

starting at a point where the Boque Chitto Eiver 
interceeds the Pearl, thence westerly to Amite City, 
thence westerly to Port Hudson, westerly to Opelousas 
thence due west to Sabine Eiver, approximates the 
northern limit from the Gulf Coast at which Satsuma 



16 

orange trees can be snccsssfully grown. The compara- 
tive low elevation of all this region, the high tempera- 
ture of the soil maintained throughout the year together 
with the large expance of water supplied by extensive 
wooded marshes, lakes, bayous and many small and 
large rivers combine to establish climate conditions 
barring injury to Satsuma trees from any freeze not ex- 
ceeding that of 1895. I^o doubt favorable local con- 
ditions will permit the Satsuma to be planted 25, even 
50 miles north of this line with fair success, certainly a 
grove 10 to 15 years old if cut down has well paid. It is 
well to mention, too, that this territory outlined is not 
subject to northers, which sweep down from the north- 
west into Texas; or is it subject to the sudden changes 
which effect orange culture in Florida. From what- 
ever direction comes a wind it is subject to the humid 
warming condition which especially characterizes 
Southern Louisiana; a condition equalling and main- 
taining a climate well calculated for the success- 
ful cultivation of this orange. The severe test of 1895 
proved another orange of about equal hardiness with 
Satsuma, the Kumquat, ( described later. ) In an ex- 
perience with orange trees we find drainage, fertilizing 
and cultivation same as given Peach and Plum is all 
right, except, for several reasons greater care must be 
observed to secure well matured trees before frost 
comes. Young orange trees incline to grow late in 
the season; so cultivation should stop by the first of 
September and if new growth appears last of October or 
first of November, pinch back the new growth and if 
there is strong tendency to growth a share of roots 
should be cut with a sharp spade, at the same time 
slightly lift the trees; very little trimming is needed. 
The drooping full head secures the most profitable 
form; but we think the tops should be established high 
enough to keep the loaded limbs from trailing the 
fruit too much upon the ground, also some heading in 
of strong growing limbs, removal of chafing limbs and 
a thinning, to let in a reasonable amount of sunlight 
to center of the tree. Several kinds of Scales, appear 
the worst enemy of the orange. For treatment of 
scale and other injurious insects we refer you to good 
works on Entomology. We have again encroached on 
space in our catalogue to discuss merits of the Satsuma 
orange and its home for planting; we do this because 
as in drainage, fertilizers, pear blight etc., each is a 
subject needing, as we see it, more thorough study; 
we believe that correct ideas lead in successful fruit 
raising, that a correct plan by which to work means 
leas cost and far more profit and pleasure than an un- 
defined go-so-no plan. We are confident we have con- 
ditions of climate, soil and transportation facilities to 
paying markets, superior in chances of success than 
other localities growing like products and we feel a 
deep interest to aid in a success within our reach and 
largely profitable. At this date we see no fruit offering 



17 

better success and profits than the Satsiima orange, if 
grown at its home. Of course the peach, plum, pear, 
etc., each has its season and quality, and will have 
their place in the family of fruits. We expect to see a 
large demand for Satsuma orange trees in the near fu- 
ture, as there will be an increasing demand for various 
well tested fruits; interest is awakening to plant home 
and commercial orchards. 

Satsuma Orange. Its fruit is fully matured by first of 
October, giving special value as an early shipper. Truit 
is a golden yellow, bright, full colored, medium in size, 
a little flattened, thin skin, which readily parts from 
the pulp; the segment sacks separate very easy, are of 
a deep translucent orange color, bursting full of rich, 
exquisitely flavored juice; very seldom do you find any 
such remarkable qualities, combining hardiness, great 
beauty, young bearing; early ripening, delicious quali- 
ty of fruit, certainty of fruit, is a combination not 
found in any other Citrus family. 

Kumquat Orange. Another fruit treasure from the Japs 
is the Kumquat or golden orange; equally distinct in 
tree as it is in fruit from any other orange, and what to 
planters is of special interest, it stood the freeze of Feb- 
ruary, 1895, unharmed, as did the Satsuma. The tree is 
more dwarfish than the Satsuma, and being further 
dwarfed by budding upon the Trifoliata stock, it might 
properly be called a bush; it may easily be kept in bush 
form; if allowed to grow will attain a height of 12 to 
15 feet. The tree has a compact head, slender branches 
without thorns, leaf small and bright green, narrow, 
almost lanceolate, the whole delicate make-up of the 
tree presenting a pretty contrast to the more massive 
beauty of the Satsuma. The tree bears at two years, 
and abundantly thereafter. One grower reports a tree 
6 feet high and 5 feet through, bearing 2000 fruits last 
season, and this was not uncommon. There are two 
varieties of fruit, but the trees appear identical; the 
Negama is mostly grown; it is golden yellow, averag- 
ing U inches long by 1 inch through. A distinguish- 
ing character of the Kumquat is, the rind is ate with 
the pulp; the rind is delicate in structure, sweet and 
spicy, the pulp tender, slightly acid; the entire fruit 
is ate with lively relish. The Marumi differs from 
the Negama only in size and form; it is round, about 
one inch in diameter. One can hardly conceive of 
two more ornamental trees for lawns or parks, than 
the Kumquat and Satsuma orange trees. And when 
in due season they are bedecked with their golden 
fruits, who would not wish a spot of earth his own 
upon which to grow them. The Satsuma and Kum- 
quats, reliable for home use and reliable as a money 
maker, plant them. 



18 



Figs. 



The increasing interest in fruit planting is show- 
ing itself in planting tigs, a fruit at home through- 
out all the Gulf belt, and yet with only here and there 
a tree or clump of trees in evidence of what Nature is 
ready to do for us if we will only plant and care for. 
The fact that the tig can be grown only in a small sec- 
tion of the United States, and that as a canned fruit it 
is the choicest in quality, and highest in price of all 
canned fruits, is stimulating planting for canning. It 
is in evidence, too, that by use of the Poney Refriger- 
ator, green fruit can be profitably placed in any north- 
ern market. It is supposed the fig can be easily grown 
from cuttings, which is true; but the tendency of this 
tree to grow late in the fall, or during warm spells in 
winter to start growth, makes it liable to be injured by 
frost. This is a difficulty in attempting to plant an 
orchard. Varieties and location should therefore be 
carefully considered. The winter of 1895 killed most 
kinds of fig trees in the more northern range of fig 
growing. The Celestial variety came through practical- 
ly unhurt at Hammond; the Brown Turkey was injured, 
while other sorts, unless favored by age and location, 
were destroyed. The better the wood of the tree is ma- 
tured in the fall the better it withstands injury from 
frost ; to this end push growth the first of the season, 
and withhold all help at growth the latter part. If 
there appears a tendency to start growth during frost 
season, with a sharp spade cut down several places 
among the roots, at the same time slightly lifting the 
tree ; this will, for the time, arrest growth. And pro- 
bably it is quite advisable for the first two winters to 
bank earth up about the stems, and wrap the top with 
sacking. As to drainage, the fig is no exception to 
most fruit trees — good drainage is necessary. In the 
use of fertilizers, Bulletin No. 5 of Department of Agri- 
culture, D. C. advises: "Excessive use of nitrogenous 
manures should be avoided, as the tendency of such fer- 
tilizers is to produce a soft growth too easily injured by 
the winter. The piney- woods soil of the south is defi- 
cient in phosphoric acid, and this should be a strong 
ingredient of all fertilizers used in piney-woods re- 
gions." Bulletin No. 20 advises against "excessive use 
of nitrogenous fertilizers as producing a soft, succulent 
root growth favorable to the attacks of tlie 'Nematode' 
— a small worm destructive to fruit trees." Also 
"thorough drainage and use of tobacco dust mixed with 
iin leached ashes or lime, etc." That is, potash and 
phosphoric fertilizers should largely predominate in the 
culture of fig trees. Fertilizers should be applied about 
the collar of the trees in December or January. No 
multching at any time of the year; i)roper cultivation 
is the proper multching. Very little trimming for figs. 
We offer a few reliable kinds: 



19 

Celestial. Stands at the head for hardiness, fine quality 
and a certain crop producer. For canning or eating 
from the hand it is probably the best fig grown. Size, 
small, pear-shaped. Color, dark violet amber, thin 
skin, meat deep rose color, tine sweet flavor. 

Brown Turkey. Averaging larger than Celestial, and 
quite similar to Celestial in tree and fruit. Quality 
good and a good bearer. 

Brunswick. A large fig, pear-shaped, with one cheek 
larger than the other; skin pale amber; an early bearer 
and early to ripen; quality fairly good. 

Lemon. Medium to large; yellow; sweet; profuse and 
early bearer; a desirable variety. 

Japan Persimmon. 

Another treasure from Japan; tree a beauty; fruit 
much larger and more valuable than native sorts. As 
to this fruit it is now satisfactorily settled— it is a suc- 
cess in the south. The tree is perfectly hardy, and the 
fruit is fast becoming popular, especially kinds that can 
be eaten while hard. The tree is very ornamental with 
its large rich foliage and fruit, like oranges. It blooms 
late, therefore a sure bearer. High prices are already 
obtained for this fruit in the northern markets. By 
selection of varieties, fruit can be had from September 
to January. Plant Japan persimmons. Varieties in 
order of ripening are: 

Zengi. Small, skin yellowish red, flesh dark and good; 
edible when hard. 

Yemon. Large, flat, tomato-shaped; skin light yellow 
to dull red; flesh deep dull red; astringent until it be- 
gins to soften; quality fine. 

Hyakume. Large to very large; somewhat flattened at 
both ends; skin light yellow, nearly always marked with 
rings and stripes at apex; flesh dark brown; sweet, 
crisp and mealy; not astringent while still hard; good 
keeper, and one of the best market sorts. 

Yeddo - ichi. Large, smooth, regular skin, dark red with 
heavy bloom; flesh very dark brown, rich, sweet; good 
to eat when hard; tree a great bearer. 

Okame. Large, with well defined quarter marks; skin 
orange yellow with delicate bloom; loses astringency as 
fruit softens; fine quality. 

Costata. Medium-sized, pointed four sided, flesh light 
yellow; astringent until ripe, then fine; the most orna- 
mental tree of all persimmons; rapid, upright grower; 
large, luxuriant leaves, making it an ornament for 
lawns or parks. 

Tsuru. Large, pointed; skin bright red; flesh orange 
yellow; astringent until fully ripe, then of good quality; 
latest of all to ripen. 



20 

Apples. 

Requires deep drainage and free use of mineral fertil- 
izers— lime, ashes, salt, etc. If given reasonable care 
there are a number of kin.ds of apples which prove rea- 
sonably satisfactory in many places on the Gulf coast, 
and if not so much at home as farther north, it is very 
satisfactory to grovv^ and have the apple. We give a list 
proven good from Florida to Texas in the order of 
ripening. 

Yellow Transparent. This tree is a sturdy but dwarfish 
grower, well adapted to small gardens, a young and 
good bearer; fruit good size, rich, juicy, subacid flavor. 

Red Astrachan. A healthy growing tree; fruit good size, 
dark red with heavy bloom; flesh juicy, rich, acid, suc- 
cessful. 

Carolina Watson. This tree a strong, spreading grower, 
and unusually prolific; fruit large, conical, green with 
dull stripes and light red cheek; flesh sweet, rich, per- 
fumed . 

Jennings. A tree of vigorous growth, open spreading 
top, heavy bearer; fruit large oblate, color green; flesh 
white, subacid, juicy and good. A Florida apple that 
has done well farther south than any other apple in 
that state. 

Yellow Sweet. From Southeast Texas; large, a good 
bearer, and a good apple anywhere. 

Yellow h'orse. A strong growing tree, and early bearer 5 
fruit especially fine for cooking; a well tested variety. 

Lincoln. A Southeast Texas fruit; fruit large and 
smooth; flesh cheesey, very rich, subacid, excellent. 

Wealthy. Tree a strong, upright grower; bears young; 
fruit large, smooth, well covered with red and striped 
flesh, juicy, crisp, subacid, of very satisfactory quality. 

Wolf River. This tree a rather slow, stockey grower, 
but healthy; fruit very large and uniform; smooth, yel- 
low ground, red cheek; flesh juicy, crisp, mild, subacid; 
fine eating, cooking or market apple. 

Bismarck. From New Zealand; dwarfish; finely suited 
for small grounds; remarkable for bearing large fruit on 
2 and 3-year old trees; fruit large, yellow, with red 
cheek; flesh tender, mild, subacid, a fine table and mar- 
ket fruit. 

Shockley. A tree very erect and vigorous, exceedingly 
productive, and bears very young; fruit medium, uni- 
form, conical, yellow with bright crimson cheek; flesh 
firm, sweet or subacid, with good flavor, a favorite in 
the south. 

Ben Davis. This tree a strong, upright grower, and a 
very early bearer; fruit large, greenish yellow, striped 
and mostly covered with red; flesh pleasant, subacid, of 
good quality; a well tested southern fruit. 



21 

Quinces. 

Chinese. A most extraordinary fruit, of immense size, 
often weigliing two pounds and more; a strong, quicli 
growing tree, and appears the best adapted to tlie Gulf 
coast of any quince. 

Champion. Fruit large, fair and handsome. Cooks ten- 
der as an apple without hard spots; delicate flavor; tree 
a strong grower and bears young. 

Orange. Large, round, a rich golden yellow, much es- 
teemed for preserving. 

Pomegranates. 

Spanish Ruby. The largest and most prolific of fruiting 
varieties; perfectly hardy through all the Gulf coast. 
It is a fruit without disease, and possessed of a number 
of culinary uses. As an ornament tor grounds, the make- 
up of tree, bloom and fruit of the pomegranate is desir- 
able. We also cultivate a sweet pomegranate which we 
consider very fine. 

Q rapes 

Should have deep drainage, good soil and cultivation. 
Any manures used about grape vines should be light in 
nitrogen, and strong in potash and phosphoric make-up. 
Early cultivation should be given, especially thorough 
as fruit approaches full size. We do not believe the 
stake or short trellis forms of holding vines good as an 
arbor over which the vines can have free growth. Prun- 
ing should be mostly done in December, cutting away 
to establish two to three strong vines to a root. But 
few northern grapes are suited to the Gulf coast belt. 
There are a number of southern native grapes and their 
seedlings that do well, especially some seedlings orig- 
inated by T. V. Munson, of Denison, Texas. Our list 
is limited to the best proven varieties for southern 
planting in order of ripening. 

Presly. The earliest good grape, vine strong, healthy; 
dark green leaves; prolific, always setting a full crop; 
cluster and berry like the Delaware; extra early market 
grape, free from all disease. 

Brilliant. Vine vigorous, hardy and very prolific; berry 
large, translucent red; clusters large and compact; no 
finer early market and table grape. 

Shelby. A beautiful yellowish white, above medium 
size; vine strong, very prolific and very fine quality. 

Delaware. One of the best known and best liked of all 
grapes; bunches medium, compact; berries small, sweet, 
juicy, rich. 

Niagara. Strong growing vine and very productive; 
bunches medium to large; berries large, pale green with 



22 

whitish bloom; flesh soft, tender, sweet, and very suc- 
cessful throughout the south. 

Goethe. Yey healthy, strong grower and heavy bearer; 
medium to large bunches; fruit large, translucent red; 
flesh sweet, vinous, juicy, with a delicious aroma. 

Delicious. Vine vigorous, free from disease, large clus- 
ters, berry medium, black, finest quality. 

Gold Coin. Vigorous, hardy, productive; clusters me- 
dium, shouldered; berry medium to large, rich golden 
yellow flesh; juicy and becoming sweet when ripe. 

Bertrand. Native of Georgia; an immense grower and 
bearer; bunches very large, berry medium and a dark 
purple; meat sprightly, sweet, rich. 

Hsrbemont. A supposed native of the south. Remark- 
able for vine and fruit; bunches very large, long, 
shouldered and compact; berry small, black, with blue 
bloom; flesh juicy, sweet, high flavored. 

Marguerite. Vine vigorous, free from disease; clusters 
medium to large, shouldered; berry medium, dark pur- 
ple; meat juicy, melting, first quality; the latest of all 
grapes to ripen. 

Southern Muscadines. 

Flowers, large black. Thomas, very large black. Scup- 
parnong, large, brownish yellow. The male muscadine 
should be planted with these to secure a yield of fruit. 

The Strawberry. 

The queen of fruits on the vine, the table, or on the 
market, and largely the money crop of fruit sections in 
the south. Within a few years fungous and insect pests 
have caused unusual loss in growing this fruit. We be- 
lieve this result comes largely from an increased use of 
cowpeas and nitrogenous fertilizers, which, produced 
conditions of soil and plant suited to the development 
of fungous, microbes, etc., which we doubt if a perfect- 
ly healthy plant can be harmed by such pests. How- 
ever, perfect health does not exist in vegetable or ani- 
mal life, but methods of subsistence in either case may 
help or injure health. The North Carolina Experi- 
mental Station gives the following formula for making 
fertilizers for vine plants: Potash, 10; Phosphoric Acid, 
5: Nitrogen, 2i. That is, the best fertilizers for straw- 
berry culture is one rich in all elements of plant food 
except stimulating nitrogen. Thorough drainage, with 
thorough cultivation, combined with use of such a fer- 
tilizer, presents to us the main helps for success in 
growing strawberries. We offer a list of plants suited 
to home gardens, and producing the best shipping 
fruits, according to the best information we have as to 
quality of plant and fruit, and adaptation to southern 
soil and climate: 



23 

Excalsior. Heads the list of earlies for the south. The 
strawberry specialist, J. C. Bauer, of Arkansas, ranks it 
better than Lady Thompson. Its general success south 
where tried, warrants the conclusion as best early. 

Lady Thompson. The last year has added still greater 
credit to the great productiveness of this berry. It 
thrives and produces where many other highly prized 
sorts fail entirely. Probably no other berry in the 
south has won such fame in so short a time as Lady 
Thompson. 

Hoffman. Deserves a place yet among the best south- 
ern sorts ; large, dark red, early ; stands summer heat. 

Hood River. Large, round, brilliant red, very product- 
ive; of great beauty and keeping qualities; an early 
berry. 

Dollar. A California berry renowned as a great ship- 
per; early in season; plant a luxuriant grower; fruit 
large, lustrous, red color, somewhat conical, with a 
spicy, luscious flavor. 

iWexican. A Texas grower says: "Tested here for two 
years. In plant, size, beauty and quality of berry, un- 
excelled." Foliage remarkably strong, well protecting 
fruit against frost; one of the largest berries known; 
fruit slightly conical, brilliant red, with a rich, sweet, 
aromatic delicious flavor; because of its deep-rooted, 
strong stools, will maintain a splendid bed for several 
years. 

Star. A new seedling, making fame wherever planted. 
Of large size, great beautv, and flnest flavor; good ship- 
per, taking best prices in the open marj^et. 

Clyde. A stout, vigorous plant; berries large, regular 
in shape, vivid scarlet color; a great producer- 
Bismarck. Plant a strong, stocky grower; fruit large, 
and tine shipper; very productive. 

. Brandywine. Does well on great varieties of soil. Plant 
very vigorous and healthy; ripens its fruit gradually, 
but produces a large crop; quality superb for table or 
market. 

Gandy. A safe, general purpose, late berry; plant is 
strong, vigorous, fruit large and fine. 

Aroma. A fancy late berry; a good yielder of large, de- 
licious fruit; plant vigorous. 

riulberries. 

Hick's Everbearing. Yery prolific; continues in bearing 
three to four months; excellent for poultry and hogs. 

Stubbs. A very superior sort discovered in Georgia 
25 years ago. Tree very thrifty, with large leaves; fruit 
large, black, vinous, excellent, a great bearer; fruit lasts 
two months. 



24 

Travis. A new introduction, a magnificent tree, uni- 
form, rapid, symmetrical growth; the compact head 
makes a dense shade, very ornamental; large, luscious 
fruit, and lasts two months. It promises to prove the 
best of all mulberries. 

Raspberries. 

We believe by right selection and care, good success 
can be had with raspberries, blaciiberries and dewber- 
ries. Select strong growing sorts, give good drainage, 
high cultivation and fertilizing. Especially give thor- 
ough cultivation during heat of summer. Plant in 
continuous rows, trim to l^eep out weak stalks, and give 
reasonable light and air. Put up supporting racks. 

Shaffer's Colossal. A rampant grower, immense both in 
cane and fruit, and especially adapted to the south. 
Berries very large, purplish color, soft for long ship- 
ments, but especially line for canning, jelly, etc. ; juicy, 
rich subacid. 

Columbian. Even stronger than Shaffer's Colossal, 
which it resembles in fruit and plant; tine for table, 
canning or jelly. 

Blackberries. 

Dallas. A native of Texas, where it is superior to any 
of many other sorts. Strong growing bush, fruit unu- 
sually large and delicious; continues in fruit a long 
time. 

Dewberries. 

Austin. Another fine fruit from Texas; vines unusual- 
ly strong, and fruit of largest size and finest quality; 
should be supported by a low trellis, over which it can 
climb. 

Nut Bearing Trees. 

Almond. Soft shell; the almond of commerce; tree like 
the peach, and does well where the peach thrives. 

Chestnut. Japan Mammoth. ISIuts sweet, fine flavor, 
and of immense size, the burrs sometimes containing as 
many as five large nuts. Commences to bear in 2 to 3 
years from seed. 

Walnut. Japan. Nuts form in clusters of 15 to 20; 
meat of the best quality, and can be removed entire. 
The tree is a rapid grower, and makes a magnificent 
spreading top; leaves large and handsome. 

Pecan. To be sure of large paper-shell nuts, one must 
plant grafted trees. Fine nuts can be had by planting 
select paper-shell seed. We are growing seedlings from 



25 

a large soft-shell type secured from trees which are 
growhig by themselves, and therefore the nuts are quite 
sure to produce a line quality of fruit. 

Grafted Pecans. 

The Rome. Largest of all ; round at one end, pointed 
at the other. 

Eggshell. A large, oval nut, round at both ends. The 
thinnest shell of all. 

Centennial. The most prolific, long, thin shell. 



ROSES. 

Our Specialty. 

We are giving attention to growing roses, and believe 
we have in this Southern Louisiana the "Italy" of 
America in natural conditions for growing roses. With 
us a strong clay with a mingling of sand, gives a basic 
soil which, by drainage, proper fertilizing and tillage, 
grows the finest of rose plants. We do not otfer a long 
list, but think you will find a list to admire. 

Select Hybrids. 

Magna Charta. (Hybrid Perpetual.) Bright, clear pink, 
flushed with violet crimson; very sweet; flower extra 
large; fine form; double and full; a free bloomer. 

General Jaqueminot. (Hybrid Perpetual.) Very large, glob- 
ular, excellent; a free bloomer, unsurpassed in its clear, 
rich crimson scarlet color. 

John Hopper. Bright glowing pink, fine, large, showy 
and fragrant. 

Paul Neyron. Perhaps the largest hybrid rose grown; 
a strong and healthy grower, of a dark rose color, good 
form, and blooms well during the summer. 

Perle d'Or. Not yellow, as its name indicates, but of a 
light buff shade, good form. 

Prince Camille de Rohan. Moderately double, of a dark 
crimson, forms a fine bud and is of good habit. 

Fisher Holmes. Scarlet, shaded darker scarlet. 

Alfred Colomb. Large, full, round flowers, of a bright 
cherry red, turning to a beautiful crimson. 

Baronne Prevost. Deep rose. 

Anna de Diesbach. Bright rose color, very large and 
showy; particularly fine in bud; flower slightly cupped. 
A vigorous grower, and one of the best. 



26 

IWarsha!! P, Wilder. Flowers very large, perfectly double 
and of good substance; bright cherry red color shading 
to crimson. Plant a clean healthy grower, and a very 
free bloomer. 

Select List of Tea and Everblooming Roses. 

IVIaman Cochet. A beautiful tea rose. The growth is 
vigorous, with rich healthy foliage and extra large 
flowers on long, stout stems, very double and simply ex- 
quisite when in bud or half bloom. The color is a deep 
rosy pink, the inner side of petals silvery rose; makes 
charming bunches of long-stemmed flowers when cut. 
Fine for either pot culture or outdoor planting. 

Safrano. Bright apricot yellow, changing to orange 
and fawn, sometimes tinted with rose; valued highly 
for its beautiful buds; fragrant and a rampant grower: 
exceedingly profuse in bloom, and deliciously tea 
scented. 

Agrippina. (China.) Rich, velvety crimson, beautiful 
bud; for bedding is unsurpassed; few roses are so rich 
in color. 

Catherine Mermet. One of the finest roses grown. The 
buds are very large and globular, the petals being re- 
curved and showing to advantage the lovely bright 
pink of the center, shading into light creamy pink, re- 
minding one of La France in its silvery shading. A 
strong grower and flne bloomer. 

Mad, Pernet Ducher. A robust, vigorous grower and pro- 
fuse bloomer. A well-formed bud, quite long and of 
distinct shape and form; color light canary yellow. 
The first yellow hybrid tea. 

Duchesse de Brabant. Few roses equal this in freedom of 
flowering; none surpass it in either fragrance or vigor: 
the flowers are rather loose when open, but are rich and 
peculiarly colored; color rose heavily shaded with am- 
ber and salmon. 

The Bride. A lovely, pure white, very fragrant rose, 
admirably adapted for forcing. The buds have more 
substance than Kiphetos, are very full and double, and 
possess the good characteristics of Catherine Mermet; 
strong plants. ■ 

American Beauty. (Hybrid Perpetual.) An excellent hardy 
rose for permanent planting. Fully equal to General 
Jaqueminot in hardiness. Larger in size of bloom. 
Very double and of a fine crimson pink. Also consid- 
ered the finest red rose for forcing, and always bringing 
the best price in the largest flower markets. 

Souvenir de la [VJalmaison. (Bourbon.) A noble rose; flower' 
is extremely large and double; color flesh white, clear 
and fresh. Has been considered the finest Bourbon 
rose for many years. Its great beauty in the fall makes 
it the finest of all roses at that season. A flower that 
is universally popular, and always will be so. 



21 

Papa Goniier. A magniticent red tea. It is a strong 
grower, with tine liealtliy foliage; tlio bads are large 
and long, with thick, broad petals of a dark carmine 
crimson color, changing to a lighter shade in the open 
flower. An excellent winter blooming variety, and one 
of the best for outdoor planting, opening up the flowers 
i.n beautiful shape. 

Fiammetta Labonnand. White Papa Gontier. It is con- 
ceded by all that Gontier is one of the flnest and the 
most profuse bloomer of all the red tea roses; this new 
variety is identical with it in every way except color; 
it has the same habit of growth, freedom of bloom and 
size and shape of flowers, wliich in this are a beautiful 
satin white delicately tinted with light rose. A fine, 
large-sized flower with elegant shell-like petals; very 
handsome buds. 

Etoile de Lyon. The finest yellow tea rose for outside 
planting and one of the hardiest of the tea section. It 
blooms very freely, and every flower is a gem ; very 
large and fully double. Well established plants produce 
flowers equal to M. Niel in size. Color deep chrome 
yellow. 

Moss Roses. 

John Cranston. Deep crimson, very double. 

Countess de Rfiurinais. A large pure white, beautifully 
mossed. 

Henri (Martin. Dark pink. 

Luxemburg. Large, very mossy, fiery carmine; a luxu- 
riant grower and free bloomer. 

Ever=Blooniing Climbing Roses. 

Climbing Meteor. A grand new velvety crimson perpet- 
ual flowering climbing rose. Equal to Gen. Jacquemi- 
not in deep rich color and size of flower. A color never 
before heard of in climbing roses. We have sports of 
the dark colored hybrids that are called climbers, but 
are in reality only strong growing busli roses. In Climb- 
ing Meteor we have a rose of strong, true climbing hab- 
it, that under favorable conditions makes shoots 15 to 
20 feet long in a single season. Very free flowering, 
producing in profusion all through the growing season 
its rich, dark velvety crimson flowers, perfectly double 
and in size and finish equal to any of the Ibest hybrid 
perpetuals. 

IVIary Washington. This is one of the hardiest of the 
ever-blooming climbers. It is a remarkably free bloom- 
er, producing flowers in large clusters. It blooms pro- 
fusely when very small, and does not make a large 
growth the first year, but the second year throws up 
strong canes that make splendid pillar or trellis plants, 
covered with bloom throughout the season. Flowers 



28 
medium size, pure white and very fragrant. 

Climbing La France. Identical with La France in every 
respect, except in style of growth, which is of a strong 
climbing habit, making it an excellent pillar or porch 
rose. It is a sport of the La France, and retains its 
charming peach color and fragrance. 

Wm. Allen Richardson. Orange yellow, center copper yel- 
low, very rich. A strong, rampant grower, one of the 
best. 

Chromatella, or Cloth of Gold. Deep yellow, an old and 
favorite variety; shows its deep color best when budded. 

Climbing IMiphetos. This new variety is a sport of M- 
phetos, and is identical with it except that it is a 
strong, rampant grower, malting shoots 12 to 15 feet in 
length in a season. Flov>^ers large; long pointed buds; 
color pure white, outer petals sometimes tinged deli- 
cate pink. A grand climbing rose for the South. 

Reine IVIarie Henriette. Extra large, finely formed flower ; 
very full and double, richly tea scented; color glowing 
crimson. 

IMarechal Neil. Beautiful deep yellow, very large, full, 
globular form; sweet scented, free-flowering; one of the 
finest yellow tea scented roses yet introduced. A good 
climbing rose. 

Empress of China. Anew free flowering climbing rose 
of Chinese origin. The plant is a strong, healthy grow- 
er, making a fine specimen in a very short time, and 
produces its medium sized flowers in the greatest pro- 
fusion; comes nearer being a perpetual bloomer than 
any hardy climbing rose known. Color soft red, chang- 
ing to light pink when fully open. 

Crimson Rambler. The introduction of this sterling 
variety makes the greatest advance in climbing roses 
that we have had in the last quarter of a century. Per- 
fectly hardy; wonderfully free flowering; rich glowing 
crimson; intensely bright and vivid in color. The plant 
is a strong, rampant grower, making shoots 10 to 12 
feet long in a season after the first year, or when well 
established. The flowers are produced in large trusses, 
pyramidal in shape, often 25 to 30 in a cluster, fairly 
covering the plant from the ground to the top with a 
mass of bright glowing crimson. The color is simply 
superb, and is retained unfaded, or without showing 
any of the purplish tinge so often seen in dark roses for 
an unusual length of time. For walls, pillars and 
porches, or any other place where a hardy climbing 
rose is wanted, nothing can be more desirable or beau- 
tiful. If grown in beds and pegged down, it makes a 
brilliant display with its profusion of bloom, large 
clusters shooting out from each joint. As many as 300 
blooms have been counted on a single branch. 



29 



New Japanese Creeping Rose. 

rietnorial Rose. 

Rosa Wichuriana. A trailing species of very rapid 
growth, creeping on the earth almost as closely as the 
ivy. The flowers are produced in greatest profusion in 
July, after the June roses are past, and more sparingly 
throughout the season. They are single, pure white, 
with yellow stamens, fully two inches across, with the 
strong and sweet fragrance of the Banksia Rose. For 
covering the ground among shrubbery and rocks it has 
no equal. Its almost evergreen character makes it ac- 
ceptable at all seasons of the year, but it is especially 
beautiful when it is covered with its long showy 
bunches of white blossoms when most other roses are 
gone. Excellent for cemetery planting, as it soon 
adapts itself to almost any kind of soil, and will grow 
and do well either in shade or sun. There is nothing 
better for covering embankments, mounds or rockeries. 



Shrubbery. 

Hydrangea Paniculata Grandiflora. Hardy and easy to grow; 
flowers in large pinicles; creamy white when fruit opens 
changing to pure white when fully out, and to pink and 
bronze in age; flowers from July to November. Cut 
back one-half previous season's growth before starting 
in the spring blooms on new wood. Yery appropriate 
for cemetery planting, and planted in groups upon the 
lawn looks beautiful. 

Lilac, Common. (Syringa Vulgaris.) Sturdy bush, purple 
bloom. 

Lilac, Common. (Syringa Vulgaris Alba.) Sturdy bush, 
fragrant white. Persian is of more slender growth and 
liner foliage; flowers purple, in large spikes. 

Philadelphus or Mock Orange. 

Grandiflora. Strong growing shrub, flowers snow white 
in great profusion; sweet scented. 

Deutzias, Materi. Robust grower; flowers form in large 
loose racemes. 

Gracilis. Dwarf, growing slender limbs strung with 
hlfioms in p.arlv snrins". 



Althea. (Rose of Sharon.) One of the most showy and 
beautiful flowering shrubs, blooming freely during 
August and September, when there is a scarcity of flow- 
ering shrubs. We grow several choice kinds. 



30 

Cydonia Japonica. (Japan Quince.) Bright scarlet crim- 
son tlowers in great profusion in early spring, and spar- 
ingly during summer; dark green leaves. 

Cape jassemine. Well known evergreen shrub. 

Crepe IVJyrtle. Can be kept in bush form or allov^ed to 
grow into tree form. Its long continued bloom makes 
the crepe myrtle specially desirable. 

Spiraes. 

Bumaldi. Handsome Japanese species, dwarf compact 
growth, covered during mid-summer and autumn with 
a mass of bright rose colored flowers. 

Van Houtte. Grand as an ornament for a lawn, and 
when in flower is a fountain of white bloom. 

Anthony IViaterer. Crimson flowers, beautiful dwarf bush, 
a free bloomer during most of the season. 

Weigelas. 

Candida. Strong, upright grower, flowers pure white. 

Rosa Wana Vangata. Very conspicuous green leaves, beau- 
tifully margined with pure white. 

Van Houtte. Deep crimson, very prolific in flowers. 

// 

Bulbs and Ornamental Plants. 

The Canna. 

Those who have not seen the late tiner sorts of Canna, 
have a floral treat in store for them. The Indian shot 
plant of years ago can hardly be recognized as the 
source from which has come the magnificent canna of 
today. For continued gorgeous semi-tropical effect, in 
bloom and foliage no other herbaceous plant can rank 
above the Canna. In bloom soon after planting, it con- 
tinues to bloom all summer until frost; it loves the hot 
sun and southern showers, and when introduced will 
soon be seen in single plants or in groups in open spaces 
or cozy corners on lawns and city parks. 

Surprise. A gem among cannas; very dwarf compact 
habit; flowers of largest size, bright crimson scarlet, 
distinctly and evenly bordered deep golden yellow; free 
and continuous bloomer. 

Austria. A sturdy rank grower, forming large stools 
covered from the ground up with deep green foliage; 
tall spikes of golden yellow flowers shoot up from early 
spring until frost. 

Italia. Strong grower with heavy green foliage; flow- 
ers bright orange scarlet with broad golden border, 
large size and nicely ruffled petals. 



31 

America. The llrst of this class with bronze foliage; 
flowers very large, deep orange red, flamed and striped 
with deeper shades; distinct in flower and foliage. 

Florence Vaughan. Conceded by all who have seen it to 
be the ttnest yellow spotted canna. Flowers very large, 
of the most perfect form, with broad overlapping pet- 
als, nicely rounded at the ends. Color brilliant yellow. 
spotted with bright red. A strong robust grower, and 
flowers very freely. 

J. D. Cabos. Dark greenish maroon foliage, with a 
bronze, metallic lustre; flowers bright orange or apri- 
cot, sometimes brightened with a pinkish tinge. One 
of the most distinct of the cannas. A flne grower and 
a very early, profuse, continuous bloomer. Flowers of 
the largest size, and of a color that is very pleasing. 

Charles Henderson. A splendid compact dwarf grower, 
throwing up erect compact heads of bloom of large size; 
the individual flowers are among the very largest. Color 
bright crimson, center of the flower marked with gold- 
en pencilings. This is one of the very handsomest va- 
rieties, and where a mass of bright crimson is wanted, 
we know of nothing better. 

President Carnot. Orange scarlet, slightly shaded pink. 
Good sized trusses of large flowers, foliage deep choco- 
late maroon; one of the best of the dark-leaved sorts, 
distinct and flne. 

IVladam Crozy. Flowers of a dazzling crimson scarlet, 
bordered with golden yellow; a marvelous and rich 
combination of colors. The plant is of vigorous growth, 
yet very dwarf inhabit, rarely exceeding four feet m 
height. The foliage is of rich cheerful green, and very 
massive. The flowers are produced in large branching 
stems which are closely set with bloom, each stem being 
really a boquet in itself. Remarkably free flowering, 
and can be had in bloom the year round. 

Dahlia. Single and double; pompon and cactus vari- 
eties. 
Peonies. Tree piEonie and herbaceos varieties. 
Dahlia. In assortment. 
Double Tube Rose. 

Amarylis. Equestre and Johnsonii. 
Caiadum Esculantum. 

Calla Lily. Ethiopica and Little Gem. 
Lily Auratum. Gold banded. 
Speciosum Rubrum. White with red spotting. 
Speciosum Album. Pure white with slight tinge of rose. 
Coridion Lily. Yellow, blooms early and late. 
Bermuda Easter Lily. 
Spider Lily. (Native.) 



32 

Crinum. Kirky; largest of bulbs; bloom white with 
center stripe of reddish purple; fine fragrance. 

Bulbous Orchid. Throws up cane-like stalks with long 
lanceolate leaves placed alternate and opposite on 
stalk; a cone-like bud forms at terminus of stalks and 
about middle of August begins to throw out pure white 
fine scented blooms, which continue to appear until 
frost. 

— =^^^^^^ — 

Grasses. 

Eulalia Zebrina. A striking and distinct plant with 
variegated foliage, white marking across the long bright 
green leaves at spaces of a few inches; forms a dense 
clump of leaves and canes, the latter surmounted with 
a loose, light silvery gray plume. 

Eulalia Verigata. T^ot so robust, but similar to Zebrina 
in general make-up. The long, narrow leaves are striped 
white and green, plume darker than Zebrina. 

Eulalia Univitata. ISTarrow green leaves with white mid- 
rib; makes a very graceful single plant; tine plume. 

Lemon Grass. (Andropopgon Citratus.) Yields a per- 
fumed oil; very handsome for borders or single speci- 
mens. 

Arundo, Donax Variegata. Beautiful bamboo reed; tallest 
of all variegated grasses; foliage beautifully striped 
white; leaves broad; a dense heavy plume of dark silver 
gray color. 

Yucca Filamentosa. (Adam^s Needle.) Well known. 

Spanish Dagger. Also well known. 

Japan Iris. In variety. 

Chrysanthemums. Collection of 12 extra sorts. 



Ornamental Trees. 

Texas Umbrella Tree. Assumes a dense spreading head 
resembling an umbrella. 

Prunus Passardii. (Purple-leaved Plum.) Retains its deep 
purple color through the hottest sun, and its leaves un- 
til mid-winter. 

Crape Myrtle. As a small tree is beautiful; the peculiar 
color of the bark of the stem, the shrubby-like forniJi- 
tion of limbs, bright green leaves and masses of fringed 
flowers which bloom during most of the summer, com- 
bine to make the Crape Myrtle 'an ornament for any 
ground. 



33 

Castata Persimmon. Well deserves a place among orna- 
mental trees. The tree is distinct from any other of 
its kind, a rapid upright grower, full compact head, 
leaves large, dark green w^ith a luxuriance excelling the 
finest orange leaves; fruit beautiful as an orange, and 
fruit and foliage hang on the tree until well in the 
winter. 

Flowering Peach. (Red and White.) A beautiful tree; in 
bloom three to four weeks in early spring; does not pro- 
duce fruit. 

Flowering Willow. (Chilopsis Linearis Alba and C. L. 
Grandiflora major.) Beautiful hardy trees, native of a 
hot dry climate, and grow on any soil, blooming the 
entire season. 

Privet. (L, Amurenses.) Makes the most beautiful 
hedge of all privets, and wlien grown in single speci- 
mens produces a delicate, compact semi-weeping tree of 
very attractive appearance: evergreen with wliite flow- 
ers. 

Privet. (L. Japonicum.) Of fast growth; fine for hedge 
or single specimens; more upright with heavier leaf 
and stem than Amurenses; produces large bunches of 
cream white flowers, followed by purple berries; gives 
excellent shade. 

Loquat. (Japan Medlar.) A beautiful medium-sized 
broad-leaved evergreen tree; thick, leathery leaves with 
dark blue-green sliade covered with brownish down on 
under side. 

Enonymous Japonica. Splendid evergreen, strong grow- 
ing bush, with ricli dark green foliage; makes a beauti- 
ful single specimen small tree; whitish flowers in sum- 
mer, and fine scarlet berries in winter. 

Citrous Tripoliata. The hardy Japan orange, standing 
zero cold perfectly; makes the complete defensive 
hedge, and as a single specimen it is unique; limbs of 
peculiar make-up, with green bark, giving appearance 
of an evergreen tree; in spring it is thickly covered 
with large white flowers, followed by golden fruit, 
which hangs on the tree all winter. 



Pendulous Trees. 

Teas Mulberry. Has proved perfectly adapted to south- 
ern soils; probablj^ the most graceful weeping tree in 
existence; umbrella-shaped head; slender, willow 
branches drooping to the ground; full, green foliage 
maintained during the hottest summer; admirably 
adapted for ornamenting large or small grounds, or for 
cemetery planting. 

Cut-Leaved Weeping Birch. The most desirable stately 
lawn tree of all. and flne for streets or avenues; trunk 
straight and finely tapering, and white as snow. The 
long, slim blanches form clumps which droop and wave 



34 

ill a lovely manner; the foliage is delicately and deeply 
cut, coloring tinely in the fall. This grand tree has 
done finely with us. 

Wier's Cut-Leaf Weeping Maple. Of rapid growth; remark- 
able and beautiful dissected foliage; limbs slender and 
drooping, giving a very graceful appearance; while it 
makes a large tree it bears any amount of pruning, and 
may easily be adapted to small grounds; makes a very 
noticeable tree standing alone near the side or at the 
rear of grounds, or near ponds of water. 

Texas Weeping Willow. A grand, quick growing tree, 
with long delicate drooping branches thickly set and 
pendant with dark green lanceolate leaves; a pleasing 
sight standing alone or to the rear or sides of lawns, or 
grouped about ponds of water. 

Large Growing Trees for Parks, Drive=ways 
and Streets. 

Carolina Poplar. One of the most rapid growing trees 
known, with large glossy serated deep green leaves; 
tree of pyrmidal form, spreading top and dense shade; 
specially adapted to large cities, as smoke or gas has no 
bad effect upon it; to be preferred tt) any evergreen 
tree for street planting, as it defoliates during winter, 
permitting the streets to dry while the continuous 
shade of the evergreen tree keeps the streets damp and 
muddy during the rainy months of winter. 

Catalpa. (Speciosa.) More upright and symmetrical 
than the common catalpa, and blossoms earlier; large 
heart-shaped, downy leaves, and compound pi nicies of 
white flowers tinged with violet and purple; a rapid 
grower. 

Maple. (Ash-Leaved.) A line, rapid growing maple, 
with handsome light green pinnated foliage and spread- 
ing head; forms a dense shade, desirable for drive-ways 
and street planting. 

Maple. (Silver-Leaved.) Foliage bright green above 
and silver white beneath; one of the most rapid grow- 
ing trees; easily transplanted; largely used for street 
and park planting. 

Magnolia. (Grandiflora.) Well known; the king of 
l)road leaved evergreens. 

Magnolia. (Acuminata). A noble and beautiful tree, 
with very large leaves and flowers of superior beauty. 



Hedge Plants. 

Citrus Trifoliala. The hardy Japan orange; will stand 
zero cold; makes the most perfect defensive hedJoe 



35 

known ; every limb thickly set with strong sharp thorns; 
specially tine for division fences, for the rear of lawns, 
and to enclose gardens. The bark of the limbs is bright 
green, and gives the hedge an evergreen appearance; is 
gay with white blooms during spring, followed by fruit 
which becomes a golden color, and hangs on the limbs 
in the winter. 

Privet. (Amurenses.) Makes the most delicate and 
beautiful hedge; the finest privet known for hedge; 
especially ornamental for borders of walks and drives; 
evergreen. 

Privet. (Japonicum.) Of fast growth, more upright, 
with heavier leaf and stem than Amurenses; well 
adapted for heavier ornamental hedge upon borders and 
rear of grounds; evergreen. 

IWadam Piantier Rose Bush. Where one desires a rose 
hedge, there is no rose bush superior to the Madam 
Piantier ; tine leaf; it holds its green foliage during the 
hottest summer until well into the winter; during June 
it is loaded with very double white flowers, which ap- 
pear occasionally during the summer; it will stand 
pruning equal to the Privet. 

Enonymous Japonica. Strong growing evergreen, which 
stands pruning admirably; rich, glossy, dark green foli- 
age, it makes a sturdy luxuriant hedge. 



Evergreens. 

How to Plant Red Cedar, Chinese Arborvitae and Irish Juniper. 

NUMBEli OF PLANTS TO THE ACRE. 

To have the right distance apart, divide the number 
of square feet which is in an acre (43,560) by the num- 
ber of square feet devoted to each plant— say Hx4 feet, 
which is M square feet. Thus, U as a divisor and 
43,560 as a dividend, would give 9,680 as a quotient— the 
number of plants to an acre. 



Distance Apart to Plant. 

Circumstances of soil, climate, and relative size of 
tree among trees of its own kin, may vary distance to 
plant. As a general rule we suggest for Apple, Peach, 
Pear, Satsuma Orange, Muscadine Grape, Japan Quince, 
20x25 feet apart. For Plum, Persimmon, Fig, Quince 
(except Japan), 16x20 feet apart. For Pecans, Japanese 
Walnut, Japanese Chestnut, 30x40 feet apart. For 



36 

Grapes (except Muscadine), 6x8 feet apart. For Black 
and Red Raspben^y, 4x6 feet apart. 



Spraying, Etc. 

Numerous experiments have proven the good benefits 
from spraying. As before, we again refer you to pub- 
lished works and bulletins discussing the subjects of 
spraying, insects, etc. These subjects are too exten- 
sive for this little book. Bulletins from the various 
State Experimental Stations, and from the Agricultur- 
al Department at Washington, D. C, can be had by 
dropping them a postal card stating your wish. 



Planting. 

If you propose to plant fruit trees, try very hard to 
have your ground all ready to plant as soon as the trees 
get to your place. If not ready, heel in the trees by 
first untying the bundle and then placing the roots in a 
trench, and covering them completely with fine earth. 
Then get them planted in the orchard as soon as possi- 
ble. 



Best Time to Plant. 

Any time when the trees are in a dormant condition; 
that is, before the buds begin to start. The German 
gardner would say, "when the buds start, plant your 
trees;" and he would be correct enough when trees are 
handled without any exposure of root, and dry weather 
follows. December and January is the best time to 
plant; February is often satisfactory, and March may 
or may not do. 



Preparing the Ground. 

It should be done with special reference to perfect 
DRAINAGE, and the soil should be made mellow by deep 
plowing and thorough harrowing, if the ground is 
poor and needs lr>osening and enriching. 



37 

Composted Home=Made Manures 

Should be scattered broadcast, and go under with the 
plowing, or liberally used about the trees after they are 
set. Use no manure about roots when setting trees. 
Manures may be made by composting barn-yard man- 
ure, muck, leaves, etc., with muriate of potash, kainite, 
lime, wood ashes, etc. Use no nitrogenous substances. 
Such manures can be produced cheaper than commer- 
cial manures can be bought, and for beneficial effect in 
loosening and enriching the soil, is far ahead. Most 
commercial manures are active present stimulants, pro- 
ducing growth, but unhealthy to plants and deadening 
to the soil. A farmer might as well drink whiskey for 
bodily support as to feed his soil with commercial 
manures only, to sustain its fertility. It is time the 
delusive talk for commercial fertilizers be shut up by 
the adoption of the good sense of our farmers of twenty 
or thirty years ago, who made their farms rich and 
profitable by the use of home-made manures. Try them. 



Why Plant Fruit Trees. 

Well, we want them about our homes for their health- 
ful fruits and refining influences, as well as for "the 
money that is in it." Yes, the healthy, well-developed 
plum, pear or orange tree, built up with vigorous limbs, 
bedecked with luxuriant leaves and luscious fruits, is a 
beauty indeed, fully responding to our desires for the 
beautiful. Surrounded by fruit bearing orchards, the 
father, the mother, the son, the daughter take in high- 
er sentiments of life, and infused with living interest, 
they intelligently care for the health and growth of 
their plants. Pruning away the sickly parts, removing 
the dead, replanting with healthy young trees, and 
realizing that there is no reward without labor, no suc- 
cess without correct ideas, they seek the best in rruits, 
the best in methods of drainage, in planting, in fertil- 
izing, in cultivation; and, having produced an abund- 
ance of choice fruits, more than their home and neigh- 
bors need, they take the surplus to towns or cities for 
those there who cannot grow, but want the fruit, and 
are willing to pay generous prices for the same. And 
again, while the trees and fruits of the orchard make 



38 

home pleasant, tlie grower seeks the dollars there may 
be in the fruit he sends to market. By his skilled labor 
he has added to the general supply of fruits to be sold, 
so the gardners and farmers of our country devote 
strength of body and mind to produce, and in this great 
busy field of production comes in the aid of every cata- 
logue of nurseryman, seedsman and florist, of every 
agricultural paper, every scientific fact determined by 
agricultural colleges and the experiments of State ex- 
perimental stations. Indeed, it vs^ould seem that the 
resources of nature to produce fruit, thus appreciated 
and aided by such an army of thinkers and v^orkers, 
would make the 

PRODUCTION 

Of fruits to be transported and sold in open market 
very large; and so it is. But observe that this large 
production of fruits — the result of much mental and 
physical labor by the farmer— has been under the con- 
trol of the producer up to the time when the fruit must 
be sold in open market. At this point steps in the 
transportation and commission companies (theoretical- 
ly the servants of the producer to pass the product to 
the consumer, but practically the arbitrary dictators), 
the Urst to declare the rates for shipping, the latter to 
fix the amount that shall be paid the shipper. The 
producer has his choice, either to not ship and so let 
the fruit rot at home, or with useless protest receive 
the unjust sum doled out to him. This is 

DISTRIBUTION 

As known to thousands. While distribution should 
aid and co-operate with production for a just system of 
business, its field of usefulness is monopolized by vast 
monied organizations, which by law are granted char- 
tered existence expressly to serve the public good; but 
from the immensity of their resources, augmented by 
foreign and home capital, all State, or government 
laws are forced to yield to their greedy march, while 
thev assume absolute control of all avenues of com- 
merce, and push their usurious profits "for all the 
traffic will bear." With them "producers be damned." 
Shylock, they will have their "pound of flesh, " regard- 
less of human life, and with a leer, like Milton's 
"Satan," ask "what are you (producers) going to do 



39 

about if?" A logical question, but one of terrible 
meaning. Well do we know the power of organized 
capital over unorganized labor. Well do they know 
that "ignorance forges its own shackles of slavery." 
The ballot, conceived in correct ideas, might undo 
these wrongs, but— we stop. It just occurs to us, "Such 
talk in a nurseryman's catalogue I" Well, we must 
further say, send for samples of "The Fruit Growers' 
Journal," printed at Atlanta, Ga., if you would read 
up on problems in transportation; and if you would 
know the power there is in co-operative organization 
among fruit growers, send for information to the 
"American Fruit Growers' Union," 53 River street, 
Chicago. We realize we have stepped over the line, up 
to which the army of agricultural and horticultural re- 
formers, with few exceptions, stop. Across the line (if 
they dare look) they will see in the arena of distribu- 
tion personations of soulless greed, organized and pow- 
erful, astride of every force controlling commerce, 
grabbing to themselves the larger share of values from 
products sold, returning to the producer a mere pit- 
tance for his meagre subsistence. What then ? With 
hands upraised and sanctimonious looks, they exclaim: 
"It can't be helped; it is the result of politics, awful 
politics!" "Oh I we can have no politics in agricul- 
tural or horticultural matters I" and turning to the 
defrauded producers, they consoling say, "Times are 
hard, but be more economical; be more diligent; use 
more brains; don't grumble; don't bother with politics; 
work harder and do as we tell you." And lo I the mill 
of production goes on, aud the mill of distribution con- 
sumes. "Politics !" Every American citizen is a poli- 
tician in the true American meaning of the word, and 
his ballot is his certificate of the fact. He who grows a 
bushel of potatoes, whether he eats or sells it, is a poli- 
tician. Any man, native or naturalized, who as a citi- 
zen asks this government to protect him in "life, liber- 
ty or the pursuit of happiness," is a politician. The 
Hannas, the Clevelands, the Shermans, are not legiti- 
mate politicians, but gamblers in human rights; 
leaguers with foreign and home anarchists to dominate 
for autocratic power at the expense of the masses. 
Ruled by greed for money and power, their souls feel 
nothing of the God-like desire for justice, which ani- 
mated the life-work of a Jefferson, a Jackson, or a Lin- 



40 

coin. Politics ! It is time the silly-sally, the goody- 
goody,- the craven submission to wrongs which is rob- 
bing and unmanning the producing classes, transform- 
ing freemen to slaves, a free government to a monied 
oligarchy, be stopped, and political cowardice be set 
aside for political manhood. It is time the literature 
of nurserymen, of seedsmen, of florists, agricultural 
colleges and schools of State and government experi- 
mental stations, and all institutions specially intended 
to do good for the producing classes, were united, on a 
class of literature treating on the problem of a just and 
equitable distribution of the products of labor, ques- 
tions pertaining to the actual cost of constructing rail- 
roads, actual expense of operating railroads, just tariff 
rates for hauling, etc., etc., and so on through all the 
list of agencies pertaining to the distribution of the 
products of labor. Such are surely educational ques- 
tions, adjuncts to questions in production, and in every 
way essential to be known by the producing classes in 
defense of their political rights; for "knowing their 
rights they will maintain them." 

We wish to say that these ideas, so entirely unusual 
in a nursery catalogue. a,re not given space in this little 
book for novelty or notoriety's sake, but to include in 
the discussion of fruits the entire field its considera- 
tion rightfully embraces— that of production and 
DISTRIBUTION, and also to call attention to the stum- 
bling block over which most producers and their 
schools of literary help flounder — "fear of politics." 
The churches of the day, secret orders, schools of learn- 
ing, special instructors of labor, etc., largely ignore 
political effort in staying crimes committed against 
labor through political measures, which are usurious, 
unjust, and often cruel. The "Redeemer of mankind," 
whom all these institutions and men honor and bow to 
as their moral leader, saw the "spectre" in the temple 
at Jerusalem, and moved by the spirit of Eternal Jus- 
tice, he exemplified the true politics to govern his fol- 
lowers and redeem the nations. Filled with a power 
expressive of His G-odhead, he went among the money 
usurers of the temple; amazement and indignation pos- 
sessed the money changers, priests, lawyers and doc- 
tors, but with burning words of truth, and the scourge 
of the whip, he drove them hence, declaring "this tem- 
ple was made for the living God, but ye have made it a 



41 

den of thieves." And yet the usurer forgot not his 
calling; the poor, the widow, the laborer, still remained 
for his prey; so, combining with Church and State, the 
"Redeemer was cruciiied." What think you, laborers 
and teachers of labor '? Shall we learn and practice 
the politics of "The Christ," or slave-like, submit to 
the politics of the usurers ? Think and judge. 



Picking, Packing and Marketing Fruits. 

So much depends upon quality and appearance of 
fruit when placed for sale, that each of the above de- 
partments in the handling of fruits can only be mas- 
tered by careful attention and experience. The cost of 
transporting poor fruit is as much as that of good fruit, 
and probably the commission man will "scalp" no closer 
on good than on poor fruit. Pick the fruit carefully. 
If pickers are experienced, most kinds of fruit can be 
very pro titably,, sorted as picked, and first and second 
classes placed in separate crates, ready for shipment. 
As a rule, fruit should be picked when just reaching 
the first stage of maturity, fully developed in size, and 
at least some colored, not bullet hard, nor at all soft. 
California fruit men have arrived at near perfection in 
picking fruits, designing crates and neatly packing. 
We shall do well to study their ways of doing business. 
But bear in mind that growing line fruits and skillful- 
ly preparing it for market, is only a part of the condi- 
tions to a sure and profitable business. A closer touch 
with the consumer, rightful charges in transportation, 
control of sales in open market, are parts, and import- 
ant parts in your fruit business. Individual effort to 
correct abuses in transportation are as "chaff in the 
wind," and single local organizations can do but little 
better. Legally organized co-operative associations 
can do much to help, and we again refer to the "Amer- 
ican Fruit Growers' Union," Central Office 53 River 
street, Chicago, as the strongest combine of fruit 
growers' associations in America. But the real remedy 
rests in organization and education, expressed in an 

intelligent use of that anchor of American freedom, 
that certificate of individual rights to life, liberty and 
the pursuit of happiness — the ballot, 
So there is "politics in the fruit business." 



42 



Our Price List 

Is herewith submitted with the assurance that we 
are not growing and selling goods in competition with 
that walking sharper, the '-tree agent dealer." or that 
far-fetched, injured, poorly graded stock with which 
the country is sometimes flooded. We understand the 
management of nursery business in all of its depart- 
ments, and pride ourselves on the uniform grading, 
health and freshness of the goods we deliver. At prices 
quoted we fay freight to any point within 200 miles 
of Hammond. We study our business, and take pride 
in rendering every help we can for the successful plant- 
ing and growing of fruit trees and vines. To this end 
printed instructions will be furnished to all who pur- 
chase of us, and at all times, according to the best of 
our knowledge, any inquiries as to kinds of trees, meth- 
ods of planting, etc., will be promptly answered. We 
shall be one among you in building up this fruit indus- 
try, trusting that with good stock and honorable deal- 
ing to deserve your support. 
Truly yours, 

HEWETT BROS., 

Proprietors. 




43 

PRICE LIST. 

Plums, Peaches, Pears and Apples. 

SIZE EACH PR 10 PR 100 

3 to 4 feet ]5e 

4 to 5 I'eet 

f) to 6 feet -. 

Satsuma Orange. 

SIZE EACH 

15 to 20 inch, Single Stem 25c 

15 to 20 inch, Branched 30c 

20 to 30 inch. Single Stem 30c 

20 to 30 inch, Branched 35c 

30 to 40 inch, Single Stem 40c 

30 to 40 inch. Branched 50c 

3 and 4 feet, Single Stem 60c 

3 and 4 feet, Branched , . .. 75c 

3 and 4 feet, Stocky $1.00 8 00 75.00 

Kumquat Orange. 

SIZE EACH PR 10 

10 to 15»inch, Branched 50c $4.00 

15to20inch, do 75c 6.00 

Figs, Quinces, Pomegranites. 

SIZE EACH PR 10 PI{ 100 

15 to 24 inch 20c 

20 to 36 inch 25c 

3 to 4 feet 3oc 

4to 6 feet 45c 



.... 15c 


$1.25 
2.00 


$10.00 


25c 


18.00 


... 35c 


3.00 


22 00 


Ige. 

PR 10 


PR 100 




$2.00 


$18 00 


) 2 and 3 
\ yr st'ck 


2.50 


22.00 


1 1 and 2 
\ yr bnds 


2.. 50 


22.00 




3.0,0 


25.00 




3.50 


30.00 


I 3 and 4 
) yr st'ck 


4.50 


40.00 




5.00 


45.00 


I 2 year 
\ buds 


6.50 


55.00 





$1.50 


$10.00 


2.00 


15,00 


3.00 


20.00 


4.00 


30.00 



Persimmons. 



$2.00 


$18.00 


3.(i0 


25.00 


4.00 


35.00 



SIZE EACH PR 10 PR 100 

2 to 3 feet 2.5c 

3 to 4 feet a^c 

4 to 5 feet 45c 

Mulberries. 

SIZE EA( H PR 10 PR ICO 

3 to 5 feet 25c 

5 to 6 feet 35c 

6 to 8 feet 50c 

Grapes. 

■'Munson Grapes, " Superior for the South; Presley (best 
early); Brilliant; Delicious; Gold Coin. 

EACH PR 10 PR 100 

Marguerite ''best late") 50e $4 00 $30.00 ) One Year 

Others, well tested 30c 2.00 15.00 No. 1 



$2.00 


$15 0« 


3.00 


20.C0 


4.00 


30.00 



44 

Strawberries. 

New and Choice— Excelsior; Hood River; Mexican; 

Dollar. 

PR 10 PR 100 PR 1000 

Bush Cluster 50c ?3.00 

Other kinds '25c 1.00 $3.00 

Raspberries (Rf:d and Black), Blackberries, 

Dewberries. 

Each, 15c Lots of 10, .?l 00 Lots of 100, $6.00 Lots of 1000, $20.00 

Pecans. (Paper Shell Seedlings.) 

SIZE EACH PU 10 PR 100 

Stor2inch BOc $2 50 $20.00 

12 to 15 inch 40c 3 50 30.00 

15 to 24 inch 50c 4.50 40.00 

2 to 3 feet .- 65c 5.50 50.00 

Roses. (Field Grown, Strong Plants.) 

VARIETIES EACH PR 10 PR 100 

Hybrids, Teas, Moss, Climbers 50c $3.50 $20.00 

Marechal Niel 75c 6.00 

Shrubs. 

1 to 2 feet Each 50e Lots of 10, $3.50 

Canna. (Varieties — Strong Plants.) 

Each, 25c Lots of iO, $2.00 Lots of 100, $12 00 

Dahlia, Pseonia, Bulbous Orchid. 

Different Varieties, Eacii 3.')C Lots of 10 $2 50 

Lilies 

IN ASSORTMENT, FIRST-CLASS BULBS, TRUE TO NAME. 
Kach 35c Lots. of 10 $2.50 

Gladioli (Tube Roses, True to Name.) 

Each 15c Lots of 10 $1.00 

Chrysanthemums, (Varieties True to Name.) 

Each 20c Lots of 10 $1.50 

Grasses, (Divided Clumps, True to Name.) 

Each 25c Lots of 10 .$2 00 

Japan and German Iris. 

N'arieties t. ue to name— Each 25e Lots of 10 .$2.00 



45 
Ornamental Trees 

5 to 7 I'eet— Eiiel) .^Oc Lots of 10 .'^4.00 

Magnolias and Cedars. 

■ 30c per foot. 

Pendant or Weeping Trees. 

5 to 6 feet— Each 20c Lots of 10 $i.50 

Hedge Plants. 

1 to 2 feet— Eacli 25c Lots of 10 $1.50 Lots of 100 . $10.00 




$t 



DEALER IN ALL KINDS OF 




Window Shades and Shade Cloth, 
' Mattresses and Springs, Trunks 
and Valises, Wall Paper, Rugs, 
Matting and Carpeting. 

Coffins and Caskets 



Always on hand as cheap as they 
can be bought in any market. 



S. L. BALTZELL, 
President. 



R. LILLIE, 
(iashier. 



B. M. MORRISON, 

Viee-Pres't. 



-II^GOI^:po:E^^T:E3D — 




Hammond, La. 



Authorized Capital, $12,000.00 



-♦— ^-^»- j&— 



"^^ . ^ S. L. Baltzell, R. Lillie, J. Wolf, 

J^ireCtOTS: b. M. Morrison. L. Thomas. 



Collections, and the Business of Fruit Buyers and Shippers 
a Specialty. 

f" Tnterest Paid on Time Deposif.^, ^^^^ 






^^5^^^ 



EST 
VALUE 
STORE. 





I 



J 



SELLERS OF 






RELIABLE FIRST QUALIiy GOODS 



-® 
•) 
•) 

-(§) 



At Lowest: Prices. When you are in 
want of Dress Goods, Trimmings, 
Corsets, Hosiery, Gloves, the best 
values in Domestic Shirtings, Sheet- 
ings, and Ginghams, go to the Best 
Value store. Shoes to wear that 
last. Hats that are comfortable 
and stylish. 




AGENTS FOR 

'^Butterick Palteros." 



FRANK E NKELIS. JOHN G. NEEMS. GEORGE C. NEELIS. 

Frank £ IVee/is & Co, 

Hammond, Louisiana, 



kill 



I I I I I I I I I I I I 




I I I I I I I I 



J^ 



^■7!\f>K- 



New Orleans Office, 806 Perdido St. 



Mill ot All ids ot Coitff Mm, 



^®\s^j^(S)>^j^(s)>i^Jo)(s)yi^o Jo)^);^ oJr^S)>ii.j{is)^Jn)(§^jn)®\ 



Knowledge is Power, and the Printing Press is the 
Lever that Produces !t. 



(5 



i 



Neat, == dirl'k^lic = Tasly 



ll ' ^^^- 3cb '^vintiTiQ •^•■ 



fi 



IS 



A Tiiioi of Beaytf ami a Joy Forever. 

You Always Get This at 












jim^'Sh. 



h 



n- 



M 




[7^^ 



I E 1 I I i i 



I 1 



,^1 



^^^^^vr 



Commercial Work of All Kinds, Pla n or 

in Colors, to Suit Everyone, and 

at Reasonable Rates. 



® 



Cray's Legal Blanks for Lawyers, Sheriffs, Justices 

and Constables, are used all over the State, 

and are Always Kept in Stock. 



■Send Your Orders to- 



L^irruTTir ■ 



• •(Stay's Tpririlirig ^{ciise, 

>. 0. Lock Box G 
MORGAN CITY, LOUISIANA. 



~-irr;ir=ru| 



®gjr^'^(yi^^'^gJ!^^'^Sjy^o^^gjr o "^^ (Ur -^^(^jT^^ gj ^"=^ (g) 



JOE GOLDSTEIN, 



The Only Exclusive Stock of 




(^lothinq, . . . . 



"^ ' ats ^'^^ 






-In HAMMOND, La. 



Prices always the Lowest, and 

Merchandise always the Besi\ 

T. III. IBoToirLSon, 2^^^ ZD- 

DEALER IN 



?m lOTiiiii,, 



i^^t^^^ ftfiik^^^i|-.2t, 



Fancy Toilet Articles, Sponges, Brashes, Perfumery. 

Physicians' prescriptions carefully CDmpouncled, 
and orders answered with care and despatch. 

Hammond, - - - La. 

Bejamin Mann Morrison 



GRAIN AND MILL FEED. 

C. tv IMcai and Fertilizers. Morrison's Raw Bone ^leal, 

Phone 7--3. 



MARY T. FROTSCHER, JOSEPH STECKLER, RICHARD P. STECKLER, 

President. Vice Pres. and Mgr. Treasurer. 

CHAS. E, BARTHOLOMEW, 

Secretary. 



§. ^iecKler 






li:m:it:bid. 





We believe in selling Seeds 

not how Cheap, but 

how Good. 



OFFICE AND STORES: 

518 to 520 Gravier and 521 to 525 Dumane Sts. 

Nurseries corner of Royal and 
Deslonde Streets. 

New Orleans, La, 






. . Goetsch & Baitzell 

DEALERS TN 

•)®®®®(«:®®®(5)®(s:@ : ® ®®®®®(e ®®®®®(f 
I®®®®®®®®®®®®®: ®®®®®®®®®®®®® 

/lEnCi^.liijrai Implemen's. 

— AXD Glass. — 



stoves, Tinware, 

Hollow Ware, Bar iron, 
Steel, Well Pipe, 
Pumps. 



And a Tin Shop in connection with 

the store, where we can do all 

kinds of tin and galvanized 

iron work. 

HAMnOND,.= = LOUISIANA. 



I & CO. — ^ 

Mamifacturers of Men's Solid Leather 

Shoes. The Hammond Shoe is sold by 

the leading merchants in the Florida 

parishes, and southern Mississippi. 




Keep constantly on hand a large and assort- 
ed stock of Drugs, Toilet Articles, Station- 
ery, Perfumes, Patent Medicines, and every- 
thing usually kept in an average drug store. 

"STovtr ZPa.troirxa.g-e '.is Solicited.. 



Boos Bi 



UU 



6^^ 



Hammond, L^ 




Groceries 



o # 



^^ Provisions > • 
Flour and Feed. 

Hammond, La. 



BACON BROTHERS, 



-DEALEIiS IN- 





•f 



Feed, Flour, Tea and Coffee. 

Hammond, - - - - La. 



S^ozx-Folxtlcstl, 



W, ^, Q-TCLy^ : : : J^anageT. 

Subscription $1.00 a year. Advertising rates furnished 
on application. 

Address P. 0. Box G, Morgan City, La. 












%" "S^n C^ ♦fAssA,*' 






^/. ^^ A^ 







'^ ,<;'^ *^W/k''. *^ A^ ♦€ 



« 

. o 

I s 

e 










' ^^mS^ * V *#^. "^ 






lO-tI 



tt. 



50^ 







I 




o 







^0^ 

L^^^ 




* AT '^ • 




<?v 



iOv\ 




4 o. 




pv- 






> 



■*-- \^0^' y°"o ''^R° 0'°% -'^ 






.^^ 



.^^^ 
















* I -> 



« ■ o 



^^^^ 

DOBBSBROS. J^ ^v5^S^^* *V<^^ 

LIBRARY BINDINa ^A^ «> M//^<^\Sy ^ "^ •$• , KlTSirri ♦ «/ 









AY 81 ^% '«.. 



* <^ 




>3>. 






ST. MJGUSTINE ^^ ^^o ^"^ /^Sh^T* -T <^ *W' 



